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最近有研究通过直接重编程的方法,采用心脏特异的转录因子和miRNA的不同组合形式,成功地将人和小鼠成纤维细胞转化为心肌样细胞,这些细胞具有与心肌相似的基因表达模式和肌节结构,甚至有少量可以跳动的细胞。直接心肌细胞重编程可将心脏原位成纤维细胞转换成有功能的心肌细胞,成为心血管再生医学的一个全新的方法。该文综述了小鼠和人类成纤维细胞在体内、外直接重编程为心肌细胞研究的发展和现状,对其研究价值、重编程方法、研究过程中的教训、存在的问题及采用这些方法获得的细胞的启示与不足进行了比较分析。
Recent studies have successfully transformed human and mouse fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells by direct reprogramming using different combinations of cardiac-specific transcription factors and miRNAs that have a pattern of gene expression similar to that of myocardium and Sarcomere structure, and even a small amount of beating cells. Direct cardiomyocyte reprogramming can transform cardiac fibroblasts in situ into functional cardiomyocytes and become a completely new approach to cardiovascular medicine. This review summarizes the development and current status of mouse and human fibroblasts directly reprogrammed into cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the research value, reprogramming methods, lessons in the research process, existing problems and methods for obtaining these The enlightenment and deficiency of cells were compared and analyzed.