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抗草甘膦转基因大豆是孟山都公司首次进行商业化生产的转基因作物。近年来其风险评价,包括土壤生物多样性风险评价受到越来越多的重视。氨氧化古菌是硝化过程的关键微生物,在氮素循环中起重要作用。本文以抗草甘膦转基因大豆(RRS)、非转基因亲本(RRS-S)、野生大豆(W-S)和栽培大豆(D-46)为材料,采用PCR-DGGE方法研究了根际土壤氨氧化古菌(AOA)群落多样性的变化,为转基因大豆的生态安全性评价提供理论依据。通过多样性指数与均匀度指数分析,RRS对根际土壤AOA群落多样性没有显著性影响;主成分分析结果表明,RRS与其他品种大豆(W-S和D-46)根际土壤AOA群落结构差异较大,但与亲本(RRS-S)差异不显著;amoA基因测序与系统发育树的构建表明,不同基因型大豆根际土壤中的AOA一部分属于文献中记录的土壤AOA类群(soil/sediment),一部分在现有文献中没有记录(soil),但被测序检测的AOA均不属于水生环境(water)或海洋底泥(sediment)中的AOA类群。另外,有众多已检测的AOA在文献中并无记录和归类,其中包括RRS的缺失条带1、20、25和特有条带3。综合分析,抗草甘膦转基因大豆对根际AOA多样性没有显著性影响,但改变AOA群落的组成。
Glyphosate resistant genetically modified soybeans are the first GM plants to be produced commercially by Monsanto. In recent years, its risk assessment, including the risk assessment of soil biodiversity, has received more and more attention. Ammonia archaea is a key microorganism in the nitrification process and plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle. In this study, we used the PCR-DGGE method to study the effects of glycosylated transgenic soybean (RRS), non-transgenic parent (RRS-S), wild soybean (WS) and cultivated soybean (D-46) The changes of the diversity of bacteria (AOA) communities provide the theoretical basis for the evaluation of ecological security of transgenic soybean. By means of diversity index and evenness index analysis, RRS had no significant effect on the diversity of AOA community in rhizosphere soil. The principal component analysis indicated that the difference of AOA community structure between rhizosphere soil of RRS and other soybean varieties (WS and D-46) But no significant difference with RRS-S. The construction of amoA gene sequencing and phylogenetic tree indicated that part of AOA in rhizosphere soil of different genotypes belonged to the AOA group (soil / sediment) recorded in the literature, Some were not recorded in the existing literature, but none of the AOA sequenced was classified as AOA in aquatic or marine sediments. In addition, numerous AOA detected have not been documented and categorized in the literature, including deletion of RRS bands 1, 20, 25 and peculiar band 3. In summary, glyphosate-resistant transgenic soybean had no significant effect on the diversity of AOA but changed the composition of AOA community.