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采用生物信息学方法,利用核酸、蛋白数据库对普通小麦祖先种乌拉尔图小麦(Triticum urartu L.)和粗山羊草(Aegilops tauschii L.)NAC转录因子基因家族进行分析,分别鉴定出107、126个NAC蛋白家族成员。根据拟南芥、水稻NAC基因家族分类系统,将其分为15个亚族。通过与抗逆相关基因TaNAC2a进行同源进化树分析,发现5个TuNAC、6个AetNAC基因与其高度同源,对这些基因的蛋白结构域、基因结构、启动子顺式作用元件及组织表达特性进行分析。结果表明,11个NAC蛋白具有典型的NAC结构域。进化关系较近的基因具有相似基因结构;启动子区域预测发现其均含有逆境胁迫响应作用元件。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,TuNAC、AetNAC基因分别在乌拉尔图小麦和粗山羊草根、胚芽鞘、叶组织中均有表达,并呈现出明显的组织表达特异性。通过芯片表达数据和逆境胁迫基因表达试验,推测AetNAC2c基因可能参与植物干旱胁迫响应,AetNAC2b可能参与调控植物的耐旱、耐低温胁迫反应。上述分析结果为普通小麦祖先种基因家族的系统研究,优异候选功能基因的预测、筛选提供了试验依据。
Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the NAC transcription factor gene family of common wheat ancestral Triticum urartu L. and Aegilops tauschii L. using a nucleic acid and protein database. 107,126 NAC protein family members. According to Arabidopsis, rice NAC gene family classification system, it is divided into 15 subfamilies. By homologous phylogenetic tree analysis with TaNAC2a, 5 TuNACs and 6 AetNAC genes were found to be highly homologous. The protein domains, gene structure, promoter cis-acting elements and tissue expression characteristics of these genes were studied analysis. The results showed that 11 NAC proteins have a typical NAC domain. Genes with close evolutionary relationships have similar genetic structure; promoter regions are predicted to contain elements that respond to stress. Real-time PCR results showed that TuNAC and AetNAC genes were expressed in the grass roots, coleoptile and leaf tissues of Ural plots and coarse goats respectively, and showed obvious tissue expression specificity. AetNAC2c gene may be involved in plant drought stress response through chip expression data and stress response gene expression test. AetNAC2b may be involved in the regulation of plant drought tolerance and low temperature stress response. The above analysis results provide a systematic basis for the research of gene family of common wheat ancestral gene and the prediction and screening of excellent candidate genes.