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大豆胞囊线虫是影响大豆产量的主要限制性病原。大豆胞囊线虫的自然抑制性是存在的,并且日益受到关注,然而在胞囊线虫生态抑制方面的研究却很少。研究在温室条件下接种真菌后以扰动(土壤过0.5 cm孔筛)为土壤微环境并与无干扰对比,用厚垣轮枝菌(Pochonia chlamydosporium)、镰孢菌(Fusarium spp.)和淡紫拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)的混合代谢物分别对大豆胞囊线虫进行处理,探讨其对大豆胞囊线虫温室盆栽防效的影响。在接种二龄幼虫(J2)35 d后,对大豆胞囊线虫密度调查结果表明:土壤扰动条件下,接种混合代谢物与不接种混合代谢物相比,雌虫数量降低20.0%~35.9%,胞囊数量降低18.3%~35.0%,卵量降低21.5%~38.5%,根内J2数量降低14.6%~35.3%,其中以4号混合代谢物扰动对大豆胞囊线虫密度降低作用显著;土壤不扰动下,接种混合代谢物与不接种混合代谢物相比,雌虫密度降低19.5%~32.7%,胞囊密度降低19.5%~35.2%,卵量降低21.1%~37.8%,J2数量降低8.0%~27.6%,仅雌虫和根内J2数量与不接种混合代谢物对照差异显著,菌株之间差异不显著。对大豆植株生长发育调查结果表明:扰动可能会促进植株生长、植株鲜重增加,但与不扰动差异不显著。试验证明:扰动对盆栽大豆胞囊线虫雌虫、胞囊、卵和J2的密度有一定的影响,扰动有增强寄生真菌代谢物对胞囊线虫温室防效效果的趋势,对降低大豆胞囊线虫密度起到积极作用。真菌对大豆胞囊线虫生长发育具有抑制作用,土壤扰动干扰和真菌代谢物的配合应用会降低土壤中胞囊线虫的密度,并影响真菌在土壤中的生防效果。
Soybean cyst nematode is a major limiting factor affecting soybean yield. The natural inhibition of Soybean cyst nematode exists and attracts more and more attention. However, there are few studies on the ecological inhibition of cyst nematode. To study the effects of disturbance (soil over 0.5 cm pore sieve) on the soil microenvironment after inoculation of fungi under greenhouse conditions and in comparison with no interference, Pichia chlamydosporium, Fusarium spp. And lavender The mixed metabolites of Paecilomyces lilacinus were respectively used to treat soybean cyst nematode, and its effects on the control efficacy of soybean cyst nematode in greenhouse were studied. After 35 days of inoculation of second instar larvae (J2), the density of soybean cyst nematode survey results showed that the number of females decreased 20.0% ~ 35.9% compared with non-inoculated mixed metabolites under soil disturbance, The number of cysts decreased by 18.3% -35.0%, the amount of eggs decreased by 21.5% -38.5%, the amount of J2 in roots decreased by 14.6% -35.3%, and the disturbance of mixed metabolites by No.4 had a significant effect on reducing the density of soybean cyst nematode. Compared with the non-inoculated mixed metabolites, the density of females reduced by 19.5% -32.7%, the cytoplasm density decreased by 19.5% -35.2%, the amount of eggs decreased by 21.1% -37.8% and the number of J2 decreased by 8.0% ~ 27.6%, only the number of females and roots J2 mixed with non-inoculated mixed metabolites significant difference between the strains was not significant. The results of the investigation on the growth and development of soybean plants showed that the disturbance may promote the growth of plants and increase the fresh weight of the plants, but the difference with the non-disturbance is not significant. The results showed that the disturbance had some effects on the density of female, cyst, ovum and J2 in the somatic cells of Soybean Soybean. The disturbance had the effect of increasing the control effect of the metabolites of parasitic fungi on the cyst nematode greenhouse, Density plays a positive role. The fungi inhibited the growth and development of soybean cyst nematode. The interference of soil disturbance and the cooperation of fungal metabolites reduced the density of cyst nematode in soil and affected the biocontrol effect of fungi in soil.