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为了实现汽车门内板轻量化,采用拼焊板替代传统门内板及加强板。基于有限元分析,分别采用拓扑优化和尺寸优化方法进行拼焊板焊缝布局及各区域的离散厚度确定。拓扑优化以不同载荷条件下门内板刚度和自然频率为约束条件,将门内板用2条直线焊缝分为3个区域。考虑门内板成形性能,焊缝数量调整为4条,其中2条直线焊缝分别与水平成26°和37°。尺寸优化确定拼焊板3个不同区域的厚度分别为1.50,0.95,0.65 mm。对优化后的门内板进行成形仿真,结果成形良好,拼焊板车门刚度有不同程度提高,自然频率升高了2.72%,质量降低了8.59%。
In order to achieve lightweight car door panels, the use of tailored welding instead of the traditional interior door panels and stiffeners. Based on the finite element analysis, the layout of the tailor welded plate and the discrete thickness of each area were respectively determined by topological optimization and size optimization method. Topological Optimization Under different loading conditions, the rigidity and natural frequency of the inner panel are the constraints, and the inner panel of the door is divided into three regions by two straight seam welds. Considering the forming performance of the inner panel, the number of welds was adjusted to 4, of which 2 straight welds were respectively 26 ° and 37 ° with the horizontal. Dimensional optimization to determine the tailor-welded three different thickness of the plate were 1.50,0.95,0.65 mm. The result of forming is good. The rigidity of tailor-welded door increases to some extent, the natural frequency increases by 2.72% and the quality decreases by 8.59%.