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以1972,1989,2000,2011四个不同时段的遥感影像资料为基础,通过计算机自动提取结合人工解译获得研究区各时段冰川信息。参考世界冰川编目(WGI)分别对分布在中国、俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦境内的冰川进行编目及属性更新,完成南阿尔泰山蒙古境内冰川编目。对不同时段冰川信息进行对比,并结合气温、降水等气候资料对其变化特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)1972-2011a,南阿尔泰山区冰川总面积从633.91km2减少至329.03km2,退缩面积304.88km2,占1972a冰川总面积的48.1%;(2)不同面积等级冰川数量与面积变化呈反相关关系,小冰川对气候的响应更为敏感;(3)研究区各坡向冰川均在退缩,其中南向、东北向、东向、北向退缩较快,西向、西南向、东南向、西北向相对缓慢;(4)1972-2008a研究区增温显著,降水以1987a为界先增后波动中稳定,二者的水热组合是区内冰川退缩的主要原因。
Based on the remote sensing image data of four different periods of 1972, 1989, 2000 and 2011, the glacier information of each period in the study area was obtained by automatic computer extraction combined with manual interpretation. With reference to the World Glacier Inventory (WGI), cataloging and updating the glaciers distributed in China, Russia and Kazakhstan, respectively, and completing the cataloging of glaciers in the South Altai Mountains in Mongolia. The information of glaciers at different time periods is compared, and the variation characteristics are analyzed based on the climatic data of temperature and precipitation. The results show that: (1) From 1972 to 2011a, the total area of glaciers in southern Altay decreased from 633.91km2 to 329.03km2, with a withdrawal area of 304.88km2, accounting for 48.1% of the total area of 1972a glaciers; (2) (3) The slopes of glaciers are shrinking in the study area, of which the south, northeast, east and north shrink back more quickly, while the west, southwest, southeast, Northwest to relatively slow; (4) 1972-2008a significant warming in the study area, precipitation in 1987a for the first increase before the stable fluctuations in the combination of the two is the main reason for glacier retreat in the region.