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对残疾儿童少年及其他有特殊需要的儿童少年进行的特殊教育,是我国教育事业的一个重要组成部分。据国家教委基教司和中残联宣教部不完全的统计调查,1995年我国(除台湾、西藏外)7—15周岁的儿童少年中,共有视力、听力语言、智力和综合残疾者1102256人。调查组另据有关资料推算,1995年我国7—15周岁残疾儿童少年总数应为2379614人,约占同龄人口比重的1.62％。此外,我国7—15周岁已入学残疾儿童少年为674589人,入学率达61.2％。在上海地区,目前已有特教学校39所、普校附读班175个,在读残疾学生6000多人,入学率已超过90％。但相对其它教育领域而言,上海和全国的特殊教育无论是在实践发展还是在理论研究上,都还比较薄弱,还有待于各方面更多的关心、重视和支持。去年6月,上海市教育科学研究院成立了特教研究中心,加强了这方面的宏观政策规划及理论研究。今年1月15日,特教中心举办了一次上海市特教学术沙龙,邀请各方关心和研究特殊教育的专家、教师和行政领导出席,共同探讨发展特殊教育的有关问题。讨论由上海市教科院特教中心主任、普教所副所长周卫主持,现将讨论内容摘要发表如下。
Special education for children and adolescents with disabilities and other children and adolescents with special needs is an important part of our education undertaking. According to the incomplete statistics survey conducted by the State Education Commission and the Propaganda Department of the Disabled People’s Federation, among all the children and adolescents aged 7-15 in China (except Taiwan and Tibet) in 1995, there were 1,102,256 people with sight, hearing, intelligence and comprehensive disabilities. According to the investigation team, according to relevant information, the total number of disabled children and adolescents aged 7-15 years in China in 1995 should be 2,379,614, accounting for about 1.62% of the total population of the same age. In addition, China has a total number of children aged 7-15 who have admitted to disabled children and adolescents for 674589, with a enrollment rate of 61.2%. In Shanghai, there are currently 39 special education schools and 175 general college classes, with more than 6,000 disabled students enrolled. The enrollment rate has exceeded 90%. However, relative to other fields of education, the special education in Shanghai and the whole country is still weak in both practical and theoretical research, yet it needs more attention, attention and support from all quarters. Last June, the Shanghai Education and Science Research Institute set up a special education research center, strengthening macro-policy planning and theoretical research in this regard. On January 15 this year, the Special Education Center held a special education salon in Shanghai to invite all parties concerned and special education experts and teachers and administrative leaders to attend to discuss issues related to the development of special education. The discussion was chaired by Zhou Wei, director of the Special Education Center of Shanghai Academy of Education and vice director of the General Education Institute. The abstract of the discussion is hereby announced as follows.