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畜牧业是主要的人为温室气体排放源,而饲料作物生产是畜牧业温室气体排放的主要来源之一.研究饲料作物生产的碳足迹及减排措施对于从日粮的角度减少畜牧业的温室气体排放至关重要.因此,本文应用生命周期评价理论和IPCC(2006)田间温室气体计算方法,建立了饲料作物碳足迹评估方法,分析了关中平原饲料作物的温室气体排放特点和减排措施及潜力.结果表明:关中平原主要饲料的碳足迹(以CO_2当量计)由大到小依次为玉米0.620、苜蓿0.382、小麦麸皮0.240、青饲玉米0.217、小麦秸秆0.083和玉米秸秆0.070 kg·kg~(-1);主要排放环节是化肥生产、氮肥田间排放和灌溉,对碳足迹的贡献率分别为26.0%~33.8%、27.8%~29.6%和24.5%~39.1%.由于关中平原存在过量施肥和大水漫灌的现象,通过化肥减施和节水灌溉措施减少饲料作物碳足迹的潜力很大,但不同措施带来的实际减排量仍需通过田间实践和具体技术的生命周期评价进行验证.
Livestock farming is the main source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, while forage crop production is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions for livestock husbandry Research on carbon footprint and mitigation measures for forage crop production Reducing livestock-related greenhouse gases from a diet perspective Therefore, in this paper, based on life cycle assessment theory and IPCC (2006) field greenhouse gas calculation method, this paper established a carbon footprint assessment method for forage crops and analyzed greenhouse gas emission characteristics and mitigation measures and potential of forage crops in Guanzhong Plain The results showed that the carbon footprint (CO_2 equivalent) of main feed in Guanzhong Plain was 0.620, 0.382 for alfalfa, 0.240 for wheat bran, 0.217 for green corns, 0.083 for wheat straw and 0.070 kg · kg ~ (-1). The main emission sources were fertilizer production, field emission of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation, and their contribution rates to carbon footprint were 26.0% -33.8%, 27.8% -29.6% and 24.5% -39.1%, respectively. Due to the excessive fertilization in the Guanzhong Plain And floodwater flooding, there is great potential for reducing the carbon footprint of forage crops through fertilizer reduction and water-saving irrigation measures, but the actual emission reductions due to different measures still need to be passed LCA between practice and specific techniques for validation.