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上海郊区后季稻有200多万亩,占粮食种植面积之冠,产量强烈受移栽期的影响,前报曾对移栽期——产量的数量关系作了阐述。作物产量主要来自绿色叶片的光合活动,郊区后季稻均系晚粳品种,由于对短光敏感,使早栽田块具有较长的大田营养生长期,因而早期绿色叶面积大,接受的太阳辐射能多,光合势强,净光合生产率和光能利用率均较高,从而积累了较多的干物质。晚栽田块晚发,大田营养生长期短,空秕无效穗和不实粒较多,物质向籽粒的运转速度缓慢,光合产物大都滞留于茎叶中,经济系数很低,对产量形成贡献很小。这就表明:研究光能利用应当综合考虑干物质的生产和运转这两个方面。本文指出:在光能利用研究中引入光能生产率的概念,能够反映上述的目的。光能生产率％=光能利用率％×经济系数,它随移栽期的推迟而直线下降,反映了后季稻早栽田块利用光能生产籽粒产量的效率较高、晚栽田块较低的特性。
The post-season rice crop in the suburbs of Shanghai has more than 2 million mu, accounting for the highest grain acreage. The output is strongly influenced by the transplanting period. The quantity of transplanting-yield relationships was described in the former newspaper. The crop yield mainly came from the photosynthesis of green leaves. The late-season rice varieties in the suburbs were late japonica varieties. Because of the short-light sensitivity, the early planting plots had a long field vegetative growth period, so the early green leaf area was large and the sun accepted More radiant energy, photosynthetic potential, net photosynthetic productivity and light energy utilization rate are higher, resulting in the accumulation of more dry matter. Late cropping late late nursery, field shortened vegetative growth, short stubble and unacceptable stomata, material to the grain slow speed, most of the photosynthetic products remain in the stems and leaves, the economic coefficient is low, contribute to the production Very small. This shows that: the study of the use of light energy should take into account both the production and operation of dry matter. This paper points out that the concept of light energy productivity introduced in the research of light energy utilization can reflect the above purpose. Light energy productivity% = Light energy utilization% × Economic coefficient, which with the delay of the transplanting period and a straight line decline, reflecting the use of light energy to produce grain yield early post-cropping paddy field higher efficiency late planting block Low characteristics.