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目的探讨聋哑学生的孤独感和人格特征之间的关系,为聋哑学生的心理指导提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,抽取咸宁市4所特殊教育学校的103名学生进行问卷调查。结果聋哑男女学生的内外向(E)分、说谎(L)分明显低于常模组(P值均<0.01),情绪(N)分、精神质(P)分明显高于常模组(P值均<0.01);孤独水平明显高于常模组(P<0.01);艾森克(EPQ)的各维度得分、孤独量表(CLS)的得分在男女之间差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。E分和N分存在正相关(P<0.01),和L分存在负相关(P<0.05),N分和P分、L分、CLS分之间存在负相关(P值均<0.05)。父母陪伴、顺从是孤独感的保护因素。结论聋哑学生的人格特征和孤独水平明显偏离正常。聋哑学生的孤独水平与人格、家庭因素可能相关。
Objective To explore the relationship between the loneliness and personality traits of deaf and dumb students, and to provide the basis for the psychological guidance of deaf and dumb students. Methods Using random sampling method, 103 students from 4 special education schools in Xianning were selected for questionnaire survey. Results The dexterity male and female students had significantly lower E (subscript E) and L (L) scores than those of the norm group (P <0.01), emotional (N) and mental quality (P) (P <0.01). The level of loneliness was significantly higher than that of the normothermic group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in scores of all dimensions of EPQ and CLS between men and women (P> 0.05). There was a positive correlation between E score and N score (P <0.01) and a negative correlation with L score (P <0.05). There was a negative correlation between N score and P score, L score and CLS score (P <0.05). Parents accompany, obedience is a protective factor of loneliness. Conclusion Deaf and dumb students’ personality and loneliness obviously deviate from normal. The level of loneliness of deaf students may be related to personality and family factors.