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土匪,通常指地方上以抢劫为业、坐地分赃、残害人民、危害社会的个人或集团。史书上亦称作“山贼”、“山寇”、“草寇”、“强人”等。 湘西土匪由来已久。明朝末年的澧水和酉水一带,就有人脸上涂着锅底黑灰,或者蒙着面纱,抢夺民间财物,被老百姓称作“强盗”和“抢犯”。到了近代,湘西方志和有关史料对湘西土匪活动的记载明显增多。比如咸丰二年(1952),溆浦底庄有土匪二三十人成群劫
Banditry usually refers to local individuals or groups that take robbery as their occupation, spoil the land, harm people and endanger the society. History books also known as “Bandit”, “Mountain Kou”, “Koko”, “strongman” and so on. Xiangxi banditry has a long history. In the Ming dynasty, there were some people in the area, such as the Lushui and Shui Shui areas, which were covered with black and gray on the cheeks or veiled and robbed of private property. They were called “robbers” and “robbers” by ordinary people. In modern times, the records of western Hunan chronicles and related historical materials on the banditry activities in western Hunan obviously increased. For example, Xianfeng two years (1952), Xupudi Zhuang bandits twenty or thirty people into groups