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南塞普顿一家医院的Daykin和Bacon两人共同推出了一种新的教具:硬膜外腔穿刺模拟器(Epidural Injection Simubtor),其示意结构如图,外观是一个大盒子,其中插入改良的Tuohy针。进针时的阻力是由两块跳动负荷式磨擦片产生的。第一块仅产生较轻的跳动负荷,它代表针通过脊上和脊间韧带时的阻力;第二块阻力片产生的跳动式负荷是可调节的,训练者可选择不同档次来模拟不同强度的组织的阻力。硬膜外间隙和硬膜由两块固定在基板上的塑料块构成,基板可做前后、上下移动,
Daykin and Bacon at a South Septon hospital jointly launched a new teaching aid: the Epidural Injection Simulator, which is shown in schematic form and looks like a large box with a modified Tuohy pin. The resistance of the needle is generated by two beating load type friction plates. The first produces only a light beat load, which represents the resistance of the needle as it passes through the ridges and the interventricular ligament. The second load resistance piece is adjustable and the trainer can choose different grades to simulate different intensities The resistance of the organization. Epidural space and the dura by the two fixed on the substrate plastic block composition, the substrate can be done before and after, up and down movement,