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目的:了解云南农村孕产妇艾滋病、梅毒和乙型肝炎(乙肝)知识知晓情况及其影响因素。方法:在云南省艾滋病高、中流行区各选择两个县,问卷调查农村孕28周至产后6个月671名妇女。结果:农村孕产妇对艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝相关知识知晓率分别为71.9%、66.1%和63.3%,各知识点知晓率均为艾滋病高于梅毒和乙肝(P<0.05),且3个病均以三大主要传播途径知晓率高,而预防母婴传播措施的知晓率较低;免费咨询检测知晓中艾滋病高于梅毒和乙肝(P<0.05)。研究对象的艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝综合知识得分分别为13.00±4.00、12.00±4.00和12.00±5.00,多因素Logistic回归结果显示孕产妇及其丈夫文化程度低、家距离县城远和未参加过乡村级宣传是艾滋病知识知晓的主要影响因素,孕产妇文化程度低和未参加过乡村级宣传活动是梅毒知识知晓的主要影响因素,而乙肝知识知晓的主要影响因素是孕产妇及其丈夫文化程度低。结论:孕产妇对艾滋病的知识知晓率较高,但对梅毒和乙肝知晓率较低。应加强对文化程度低、居住偏远的农村妇女艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝知识的宣教,提高她们知识知晓水平。
Objective: To understand the knowledge of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B (hepatitis B) among rural pregnant women in Yunnan and its influencing factors. Methods: Two counties in Yunnan Province with high and medium AIDS prevalence were surveyed, and questionnaires were used to survey 671 women from 28 weeks pregnant in rural areas to 6 months postpartum. Results: The awareness rates of HIV / AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B were 71.9%, 66.1% and 63.3% respectively in rural pregnant women. The awareness rates of all knowledge points were higher than those of syphilis and hepatitis B (P <0.05) The awareness rate of the three main routes of transmission was high, and the awareness rate of prevention of mother-to-child transmission was relatively low. In the free consultation, AIDS was higher than syphilis and hepatitis B (P <0.05). The scores of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B comprehensive knowledge were 13.00 ± 4.00, 12.00 ± 4.00 and 12.00 ± 5.00, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that pregnant women and their husbands had a low educational level, and their families were far away from the county seat and did not participate in the village level Advocacy was the main factor influencing HIV / AIDS knowledge. Low maternal educational level and not attending village-level publicity campaigns were the main influencing factors of syphilis knowledge. The main influencing factors of hepatitis B knowledge were low pregnant women and their husbands. Conclusion: Maternal awareness of AIDS knowledge is high, but awareness of syphilis and hepatitis B is low. The education of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B knowledge of rural women with low education level and living in remote areas should be strengthened so as to enhance their level of knowledge and knowledge.