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1981年7月份,我们做了枣树隐芽接试验。初步获得了成活率高的效果,现将试验情况概述如下:一、嫁接时间:我地枣树5月初芽萌发,6月下旬新梢(枣头)形成,此时是隐芽接最宜时期,最迟到7月中旬,8月份酸枣皮不易剥离,不可进行。采用2、3年生枣头上的隐芽5月下旬即行嫁接。二、嫁接方法及其效果:采集当年生枣头和徒生枝最佳,1年生、2年生枣头次之。随釆随用,用其下部的隐芽、二次枝下的隐芽、1年生和2年生交接处的隐芽做接芽(枣股上的隐芽不可用)。削芽片除枣头下端的隐芽按“盾”形芽片削起外,二次枝基部下的隐芽和环痕处的隐芽,均保留好隐芽,呈不太规则形的芽片。接刀紧靠隐芽上边刻一横刀,顺其两边各刻一抛物线与隐芽下方1厘米处相交,翘起芽片一边缘,拇指压住芽基向一边推掀,取起芽片呈不规则形,修剪砧木,酸枣满身刺必须剪掉,以利嫁接。砧木保留20厘米高,选光滑面,采用丁字形芽接方法进行嫁接。不同的地方,接芽上方留5厘米以上的砧木,用塑料带全绑扎(包括隐芽),待5天以后用刀尖刺一小孔于隐芽处,使其穿孔而出。及时除萌。最快10天隐芽即可萌发,最迟30天萌发。前后至少3至4次除萌。次年枣树萌发后,剪除接芽以上的多余砧和新梢干枯部分,并除萌。越冬新梢干枯一部分,其余均能萌发。多年生隐芽当年只萌生脱落性枝,次年才萌生永久性枝。当年生枣头下部的隐芽嫁接起芽片容易.成活率最高,其余隐芽次之(见下表)。
July 1981, we made a jujube hidden buds test. Preliminary results obtained high survival rate, the test is summarized as follows: First, the grafting time: my jujube early May bud germination, the new shoots in late June (jujube) formation, this time is the most appropriate period of hidden bud connection, By the middle of July at the latest, jujube peel is not easy to peel in August and can not be carried out. The 2-3 year old bud head on the bud in late May that line grafting. Second, the grafting method and its effect: collecting the first year and juvenile juveniles best branch, 1-year-old, followed by 2-year-old jujube. With the use of precincts, with its lower part of the hidden buds, the secondary branch of the hidden buds, 1-year-old and 2-year-old Department of the junction of buds to do the bud (buds on the shares of the hidden bud is not available). Cuttings in addition to the lower end of the jujube head of the hidden bud by the “shield” shaped bud piece cut off, the secondary branches of the hidden bud and ring mark at the hidden bud, are preserved good budding, was not too regular-shaped buds sheet. Next to the knife close to the bud carved a transverse knife, along both sides of a parabola and hidden buds below 1 cm at the intersection, Alice shoot bud edge, press the thumb base to push aside the side of the bud, take the bud was Irregular shape, pruning rootstock, jujube over sting must be cut off, to facilitate grafting. Rootstock 20 cm high, smooth surface selection, the use of T-shaped budding grafting method. In different places, leave the bud above the root to leave more than 5 cm, with a plastic band full bandage (including hidden buds), to be 5 days later with a sharp knife prick a hole in the bud, make it perforated out. In addition to Meng. The fastest 10 days bud germination can germination, the latest 30 days germination. Before and after at least 3 to 4 times in addition to adorable. The following year jujube germination, cut off the buds above the excess anvil and shoots dry part, and in addition Meng. New shoots overwintering part of the dry, the rest can germinate. Perennial buds only germinate sprouting branches, sprouting permanent branches the following year. The buds of the lower part of the jujube head are easily grafted from buds, with the highest survival rate, followed by the remaining buds (see the table below).