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目的分析青海省疾病监测点成年居民身体活动水平和特点,为在人群中推广健康生活方式行动提供科学依据。方法采用青海省“中国慢性病及其危险因素监测(2010)”调查中慢性病患病和身体活动部分数据,对3个国家级疾病监测点的1 792名18岁及以上居民身体活动时间的分布特征、活动水平及其与慢性病的关系进行分析。率的比较采用χ2检验,不服从正态分布的计量资料比较用秩和检验。结果调查对象超重、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常患病率分别为29.9%、8.9%、29.6%、4.9%和47.6%(标化率分别为29.2%、8.5%、26.2%、4.3%和47.5%)。城市、农村和半农半牧地区调查对象每周总身体活动时间中位数分别为310、1 100和1 380 min/周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);18~44岁年龄段调查对象每周高强度职业性身体活动时间多于高年龄段调查对象,而其每周交通性身体活动时间少于后者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);调查对象中有50.2%的人身体活动水平为活跃,15.0%的人身体活动不足;随着年龄和学历的升高,调查对象身体活动不足的比例逐渐增加,经趋势χ2检验,差异均有统计学意义(趋势χ2值分别为19.3和27.2,P<0.01);单因素分析发现,身体活动不足是超重肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的危险因素,其患病风险分别为身体活动水平活跃者的1.69、1.41、2.48和1.78倍,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论身体活动不足是多种慢性病的危险因素,青海省成年居民的身体活动以职业性和交通性身体活动为主,休闲性锻炼时间少,各级政府和卫生行政部门应结合全民健康生活方式行动大力倡导城乡居民在休闲时间积极参加身体锻炼活动。
Objective To analyze the level and characteristics of physical activity of adult residents in disease surveillance stations in Qinghai Province and provide scientific basis for popularizing healthy life style activities among the population. Methods A total of 1 792 residents aged 18 years and above from 3 national-level disease surveillance sites were enrolled in this study. The data of physical activity of chronic diseases and physical activity in the survey of chronic diseases and its risk factors in China (2010) Distribution characteristics, activity level and its relationship with chronic diseases. Rate comparison using χ2 test, does not obey the normal distribution of measurement data using rank sum test. Results The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were 29.9%, 8.9%, 29.6%, 4.9% and 47.6% in the survey subjects (standardized rates were 29.2%, 8.5%, 26.2% and 4.3% And 47.5%). The median total physical activity time per week in urban, rural and semi-agricultural, semi-pastoral areas was 310,1,100 and 1,380 min / week, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01); in 18-44 age group The survey subjects had more occupational physical activity per week than the subjects of the higher age group, while the weekly physical activity time was less than that of the latter (P <0.01). Among the surveyed subjects, 50.2 % Of people have active physical activity and 15.0% have insufficient physical activity. As the age and educational attainment increase, the proportion of the physical activity of the surveyed person gradually increases. The trend χ2 test shows that the difference is statistically significant (trend χ2 Values were 19.3 and 27.2, P <0.01). Univariate analysis found that physical inactivity was a risk factor for overweight and obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, and the risk factors were 1.69,1.41 , 2.48 and 1.78 times respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The lack of physical activity is a risk factor for a variety of chronic diseases. The physical activity of adult residents in Qinghai Province is dominated by occupational and physical activities, while the leisure time is low. All levels of government and health administrative departments should act in conjunction with the universal healthy lifestyle Vigorously promote urban and rural residents in active leisure time to participate in physical activity.