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超宽带(UWB)信号符合井下无线多媒体传感器网络(WMSNs)对于抗多径、防爆以及高定位精度的要求,该文基于IEEE 802.15.4a提出UWB信号在井下传播的统计信道模型。首先,根据地形、人员和设备环境的不同对井下信道进行分类,并根据Frensel定理给出节点间存在信号可视(LOS)通路的必要条件;然后对不同类型的信道进行统一的统计建模,再通过参数设置对其进行区分;最后对所提出信道模型的多径传播和时延扩展特性进行仿真验证和分析,说明其能够很好地刻画UWB信号在不同井下环境中的传播特性,为进一步设计井下高效的UWB信号Rake接收机,降低误码率提供了重要的依据。
UWB signals meet the requirements of WMSNs for anti-multipath, explosion-proof and high-precision positioning. Based on IEEE 802.15.4a, a statistical channel model of UWB signals propagating downhole is proposed. Firstly, the downhole channels are classified according to the topography, personnel and equipment environment, and the necessary conditions of signal visualization (LOS) path between nodes are given according to the Frensel theorem. Secondly, unified statistical modeling of different types of channels, Finally, the simulation and analysis of multipath propagation and delay spread of the proposed channel model are carried out, which shows that it can well characterize the propagation characteristics of UWB signal in different downhole environments. Designing underground efficient UWB signal Rake receivers provides an important basis for reducing the bit error rate.