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目的分析南宁市2009—2011年手足口病分布特点和流行趋势,为制定手足口病的防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集2009—2011年《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的南宁手足口病病例资料及《突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统》报告的手足口病聚集性疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2009—2011年南宁市共报告手足口病发病90 246例,重症449例,死亡32例,报告发病率分别为215.11/10万、602.70/10万和538.89/10万。发病主要集中在4—6月。12个县(区)都有病例报告,男性报告发病率高于女性。5岁及以下儿童报告发病数较高,占95.57%。职业以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,分别占67.79%和28.95%。实验室诊断病例991例,其中肠道病毒71(EV71)型阳性占32.80%,柯萨奇病毒A16(CoxA16)型阳性占41.88%,其他肠道病毒阳性占25.33%。结论南宁市手足口病的防治不容忽视,提示应加强社区散居儿童和托幼机构儿童手足口病的预防控制工作,以减少手足口病的暴发。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and epidemic trends of hand-foot-mouth disease in Nanning from 2009 to 2011, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Epidemiological analysis of cases of HFMD in Nanning from 2009 to 2011 and case-finding data of HFMD in the report of “Management System of Public Health Incident” was collected. Results A total of 90 246 HFMD cases were reported in Nanning from 2009 to 2011, with 449 severe cases and 32 deaths. The reported rates were 215.11 / 100,000, 602.70 / 100,000 and 538.89 / 100,000 respectively. The incidence mainly concentrated in April-June. All 12 counties (districts) have case reports, and men have a higher incidence of reports than females. Children aged 5 and under reported a higher incidence, accounting for 95.57%. Their occupations are mainly scattered children and kindergarten children, accounting for 67.79% and 28.95% respectively. There were 991 laboratory diagnosed cases, of which, the positive rate of enterovirus 71 (EV71) was 32.80%, that of CoxA16 was 41.88%, and that of other enteroviruses was 25.33%. Conclusion Prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease in Nanning City should not be ignored, suggesting that prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in children living in community and nurseries should be strengthened to reduce the outbreak of hand-foot-mouth disease.