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今年《政府工作报告》提出,去产能是2016年供给侧结构性改革的重点工作之一。我认为,应该“有效市场、有为政府”协同发力,通过“汰劣存优”来实现提质增效的去产能。为什么会出现产能过剩?钢铁、煤炭、有色金属、水泥等行业产能的严重过剩既有周期性原因,也有结构性原因。周期性原因是,美欧日等发达国家尚未复苏,外部需求疲软导致我国出口增幅锐减,出口相关产业部门投资积极性下降;同时,我国危机初期采取的反周期扩展性项目建成完工,基础设施和房地产投资减速。国际、国内需求同时下滑,产能过剩因此产生。
This year’s “Report on the Work of the Government,” put forward that going to capacity is one of the key tasks of supply-side structural reform in 2016. In my opinion, it is necessary to achieve synergies and capacity-building through effective synergies and effective management of the market. Why there will be overcapacity? A serious excess of capacity in industries such as iron and steel, coal, non-ferrous metals, cement both has periodic and structural causes. The cyclical reason is that the developed countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan have not recovered yet. The weak external demand has led to a sharp drop in the growth of China’s export growth and a decrease in the enthusiasm for investment in the export-related industrial sectors. Meanwhile, the counter-cyclical expansion project adopted in the early stages of the crisis was completed, Real estate investment slowed down. International and domestic demand fell at the same time, resulting in overcapacity.