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妇女至40～50岁多已完成生育任务,但仍能进行正常性生活,性欲及性兴奋也不减当年,故仍有受孕机会。当然妊娠率因年龄的增长而下降,40岁妇女下降40%,45岁妇女下降80%。50岁前闭经2年或50岁后闭经一年方不能再生育。但绝经前如月经规则95%仍可受孕,如月经稀少,则仅有34%可受孕。此时内分泌检查时对能否受孕、诊断价值不大,既便分泌期孕激素水平较低,黄体功能不全,或FSH水平较高,仍可受孕。因此,绝经前必需提供安全、有效的避孕方法,以免此时孕后娩出畸胎,围产期死亡率及产妇病率及死亡率也较高。1982年联邦德国40～44岁组的8712个活产中有109例死产,>44岁年龄组的661个活产中有11例死产,其中还未计算人工流产及自然流产所造成的死亡及
Women 40 to 50 years of age have completed the task of childbirth, but still able to carry out normal life, sexual desire and sexual excitement is not diminished that year, so there is still the chance of conception. Of course, the pregnancy rate is declining due to the increase of the age, the 40-year-old woman drops 40% and the 45-year-old woman drops 80%. Amenorrhea 50 years before the age of 2 or 50 after amenorrhea a year can not be fertilized. However, before menstruation, such as menstrual rules 95% can still conceive, such as menstruation scarce, only 34% can conceive. Endocrine examination at this time whether the possibility of conception, the diagnostic value is not great, even if the secretion of progesterone is low, corpus luteum insufficiency, or higher levels of FSH can still be conceived. Therefore, before the menopause must provide a safe and effective method of contraception, in order to avoid teratogenic and postpartum pregnancy, perinatal mortality and maternal morbidity and mortality are also higher. In 1982, of the 8712 live births in the 40 to 44-year-old group of the Federal Republic of Germany, 109 were stillborn and 11 of the 661 live births in the 44-year-old age group were stillborn, of whom abortion and spontaneous abortion had not yet been accounted for Death and