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近二十多年来,水资源的开发和研究方法经历了很大的变化,如在水文学、水工设计、地下水开发、海岸工程和水质控制方面都有一些新的进展。水资源工程涉及的范围广、规模大、投资多、影响因素复杂(包括自然的和人为的)。随着社会和技术的进步,水资源的开发不仅要考虑工程的技术和经济方面的因素,而且要考虑其对社会和环境的影响。系统分析技术(又称之为狭义的系统工程)尤其适合于研究和处理这种错综复杂的自然过程。
Over the past two decades, the methods of water resource development and research have undergone great changes. Some new developments have been made in hydrology, hydraulic design, groundwater development, coastal engineering and water quality control. Water resources engineering involves a wide range of large-scale, multi-investment, complex factors (including natural and man-made). As society and technology advance, the development of water resources must consider not only the technical and economic aspects of the project, but also its social and environmental impact. System analysis technology (also known as narrow system engineering) is particularly suitable for studying and dealing with this intricate natural process.