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1959年在北京春季留种白菜叶的黄色斑驳中分离到一个毒原,编号为59—1号,这个毒源可以用汁液摩擦接种,但桃蚜接种不成功,接种在胶州白菜上产生花叶、抽心等孤丁病,在油青菜上产生黄绿色花叶,在黄苗榆烟上产生系统性花叶及环斑,在三生烟上产生系统性花叶及坏死斑,在心叶烟叶上产生局部黑褐色边的圆形坏死斑,在蔓院蘿叶上产生枯斑,不侵染黄瓜。致死温度为70℃,稀释终点为1∶10,000—1∶100,000,体外存活期为11—13天。这一病毒相近于 Valleau 及 Johnson 的番茄环花叶病毒(Tomatoring mosaic),不过致死温度较低。根据寄主反应特性,应该是烟草普通花叶病毒(TMV)的一个株系,从白菜孤丁病的毒源来排列,称之为白菜孤丁二号。1960年秋从北京黄花烟的环斑中分离到一个毒源编号61—12,从白菜孤丁中分离到一个毒原编号61—20。这两个毒源虽然来源不同,但表现的寄主反应及其他特性完全一样,因此是同一个株系,它们都可以用汁液摩擦接种,不能用桃蚜传布,接种在胶州白菜上发生花叶,缩叶,坏死斑等孤丁症,在油青菜上发生深浅绿花叶,在黄苗榆烟叶上只有局部黑色边缘,近圆形的坏死斑,无系统侵染,在三生烟上发生系统性花叶及坏死性蚀纹及环斑,在心叶烟上产生局部深褐色边缘的圆形坏死斑,在蔓陀蘿上产生枯斑。致织死温度在90℃以上,稀释终点达1,000,000体外存活期在32天以上,在干燥低温下,在组中经42天仍保持其活力。这个毒原与典型 TMV 的抗血清起反应,因此认为是 TMV 的一个株系,但与59—1号显然有所不同,按白菜孤丁毒原的排列,称之为白菜孤丁3号。目前在北京地区已经发现的有白菜孤丁一号(芜菁花叶病毒),二号及三号(TMV)。一号是由蚜虫传布的,二号及三号不能由蚜虫传布,二号发现于,春季留种菜上,三号发现于秋季大白菜及烟草上,这些株系的相应关系及其自然传布方式是值得研究的问题。
In 1959, a toxin was isolated from the yellow mottled leaves of cabbage in Beijing in spring. The number 59-1. The poisonous source could be inoculated by juice friction. However, the peach aphid was inoculated unsuccessfully and inoculated on the Jiaozhou cabbage produced mosaic , Pumping heart and other solitary disease, produce yellow-green mosaic on the oil and vegetable, in the yellow Miao Yu smoke on the system to produce mosaic and ring spots in the Sansheng smoke produce mosaic and necrotic necrosis of the leaves in the heart leaves produced Local dark brown side of the circular necrotic spots, produced in the hospital leaves radicel, no infiltration cucumber. The lethal temperature is 70 ° C, the end point of dilution is 1:10,000-1: 100,000, and the in vitro survival is 11-13 days. This virus is similar to Tomatoring mosaic in Valleau and Johnson, but has a lower lethal temperature. According to the host reaction characteristics, it should be a strain of Tobacco Common Mosaic Virus (TMV), arranged from the source of cabbage Solitary Diseases, called cabbage Gudou II. In the autumn of 1960, a virulent source number 61-12 was isolated from the ring spot of the yellow flower of Beijing, and a virulence number 61-20 was isolated from Chinese cabbage. Although these two sources have different origins, their host response and other characteristics are exactly the same. Therefore, they are the same strain. All of them can be inoculated with juice by friction and can not be disseminated with peach aphids. Mosaic inoculation occurs in Jiaozhou cabbage, Shrinking leaves, necrotic spots and other small gonorrhea, dark green leaf occurred in the oil cabbage leaves, only the local black edge of the yellow elm tobacco leaves, nearly circular necrotic spots, no systemic infection occurred in the Sansheng smoke systemic flowers Leaves and necrotic etchings and ring spots, in the heart leaf smoke on the local dark brown edge of the circular necrotic spots, produce Tuo Tuo radish on the spot. The lethal temperature was above 90 ° C, the dilution endpoint was 1,000,000, the in vitro survival was above 32 days, and the viability was maintained for 42 days in the group under dry, low temperature. This virulent reacts with the antiserum of a typical TMV and is therefore considered a strain of TMV, but apparently different from that of 59-1, which is called cabbage gudgeon No. 3 according to the arrangement of cabbage’s toxin. Currently found in Beijing, there are Chinese cabbage Guidian No.1 (turnip mosaic virus), No. 2 and No. 3 (TMV). No. 1 was spread by aphids, No. 2 and No. 3 were not spread by aphids, No. 2 was found in the spring to stay on the vegetables, No. 3 was found in autumn cabbage and tobacco, the corresponding relationship between these strains and their natural distribution Ways are worth studying.