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利用ISSR技术分析了河北承德大窝铺3个不同海拔、4个不同群落类型的油松天然种群的遗传多样性与遗传分化,探讨了天然油松种群遗传多样性与主要生态因子的关系。结果表明:天然油松种群具有较高的遗传多样性,13个筛选出的随机引物共检测出180个位点,总多态位点比率分别达到73.33%和91.11%。海拔影响油松种群的遗传多样性,中海拔(1070～1130m)高于高海拔(1230～1350m)和低海拔(910～970m)(多态位点比率分别为63.33%、51.67%和59.44%);群落类型与种群的基因组结构变异之间存在一定的内在联系。遗传变异多来自种群内部(分别为90.45%和75.22%),种群分化不明显;群落类型对天然油松种群间遗传变异和基因交流(Gst为0.248,Nm为1.517)的影响高于海拔对其影响(Gst为0.095,Nm为4.738)。可以认为,群落类型对大窝铺天然油松种群遗传分化有较大影响。
The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of natural populations of Pinus tabulaeformis in three different altitudes and four different communities in Dawei shop, Chengde, Hebei were analyzed using ISSR technique. The relationship between genetic diversity and major ecological factors in natural populations of Pinus tabulaeformis was also discussed. The results showed that the natural populations of Pinus tabulaeformis had high genetic diversity. A total of 180 loci were screened out by 13 random primers, and the total polymorphic loci were 73.33% and 91.11% respectively. The elevations of altitude affected the genetic diversity of Pinus tabulaeformis population. The mean altitude (1070 ~ 1130m) was higher than that of high altitude (1230 ~ 1350m) and low altitude (910 ~ 970m) (63.33%, 51.67% and 59.44% ). There is a certain internal relationship between the community type and the variation of genomic structure of the population. Most of the genetic variation came from within the population (90.45% and 75.22%, respectively), but the differentiation of the population was insignificant. The effects of community types on the genetic variation and gene exchange (Gst 0.248, Nm 1.517) Effect (Gst 0.095, Nm 4.738). It can be considered that the type of community has a great influence on the genetic differentiation of Pinus tabulaeformis population in Taiwo shop.