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学习词典,也称为积极性词典、编码型词典、功能型词典,是为满足用词需要,也是“为满足语言教师和语言学习者的实际教学需要而特别编纂的参考书”(Hartmann2000)。学习词典发端与20世纪二三十年代,随着全球一体化进程的深入,世界范围内第二语言教学不断升温,学习词典成为语言教学,尤其是外语教学过程中的有力工具。目前,除英语之外,面向非母语使用者的法语、德语、日语、俄语、西班牙语、汉语等学习词典也相继出现。本文通过对《柯林斯英语学习词典》与《当代美国英语学习词典》两部词典的对比,分析这两部学习词典的共通性,并在此基础上对当代学习词典编纂特点和发展趋势进行探讨。
Learning dictionaries, also known as positivity dictionaries, coded dictionaries, functional dictionaries, are “reference books that are specially compiled to meet the actual teaching needs of language teachers and language learners to meet the needs of words” (Hartmann 2000) . Learning Dictionaries Starting with the 1920s and 1930s, as the process of global integration deepens, the number of second language teaching in the world has been on the rise. Learning dictionaries have become powerful tools in language teaching, especially in foreign language teaching. Currently, in addition to English, non-native speakers of French, German, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, Chinese and other learning dictionaries have also appeared one after another. By comparing the two dictionaries of Collins English Learning Dictionary and Contemporary American English Learning Dictionary, this paper analyzes the commonality of the two learning dictionaries, and on the basis of which, it discusses the features and trends of the contemporary learning dictionary compilation.