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统计推知,美国每年250万麻醉患者,25％以上有心血管疾病。目前对心脏手术的管理较为重视,但非心脏手术的心脏病患者的管理更值得麻醉医师关注。本文着重讨论术前、术后的病情估计。涉及:①高血压,②冠心病(CAD),③充血性心力衰竭(CHF),④心肌梗塞患者的术后监测。病情估计与诊断和手术的危险性的估计甚为重要。疾病确诊以前,危险已经存在。根据心血管诊断的可信性来决定诊断项目,权衡降低危险的可能方法,制定出围术期的管理方案。
According to statistics, in the United States, 2.5 million people are anesthetized each year and over 25% have cardiovascular diseases. At present, the management of heart surgery is more important, but the management of non-cardiac surgery patients with heart disease is more worth the attention of anesthesiologists. This article focuses on preoperative and postoperative disease estimates. Involved: ① high blood pressure, ② coronary heart disease (CAD), ③ congestive heart failure (CHF), ④ myocardial infarction patients postoperative monitoring. Estimation of the condition is important for the estimation of the risk of diagnosis and surgery. Before the disease is diagnosed, the danger already exists. Determine diagnostic items based on the credibility of cardiovascular diagnostics, weigh possible ways to reduce risk, and develop perioperative management options.