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Lanthanum-doped muscovite (MC) composite particles (hereinafter abbreviated as La-MC) were prepared by the mechanical solid-state-chemistry-reaction method, followed by surface modiifcation with oleic acid. The microstructure of materials was characterized by SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR. Furthermore, the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of MC and La-MC as lubricant additives in lithium grease wereevaluated using a four-ball friction and wear tester. The results showed that La(OH)3 nanoparticles were coated on the surface of muscovite. Both MC and La-MC can effectively improve the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of lithium grease and La-MC presents better tribological properties than MC. The excellent tribological properties of La-MC can be attributed to the formation of the adsorbed La-MC iflm and the chemical reaction iflm mainly composed of Fe2O3and SiO2 on the w surface, as well as the catalysis of lanthanum element during the friction process.