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目的通过对清远市清新县和佛冈县两个监测点的鼠疫媒介宿主动物及健康人群监测结果分析,为制定我市鼠疫防治措施提供科学依据。方法在全市范围开展鼠疫疫情监测,设立人间和媒介宿主动物间监测点,采集健康人血,捕捉活鼠进行血清学和病原学检验。对鼠密度和传播媒介鼠体蚤指数进行统计分析。结果2007～2008年监测期间全市无鼠疫疫情和自毙鼠疫情报告;采集376份健康人血清进行鼠疫间接血球凝集试验(IHA-F1抗体)全部阴性;共捕获8种鼠形动物(活体和死体)703只,其中褐家鼠70.84%,黄毛鼠8.96%,黄胸鼠7.25%,板齿鼠4.98%,小家鼠3.70%,臭鼩鼱2.42%,施氏屋顶鼠1.71%,青毛鼠0.14%;家栖鼠占84.21%,野栖鼠占15.79%;雌雄鼠性别比例为1.38∶1;总鼠密度为10.32%,家栖鼠密度为8.85%,黄胸鼠密度为1.04%,野栖鼠密度为11.74%;家栖鼠鼠体蚤指数0.21,野栖鼠鼠体蚤指数0.16。鼠体蚤总指数0.2,印鼠客蚤指数0.15,游离蚤总指数为0;采集活鼠血清549份进行鼠疫IHA-F1抗体检测全部阴性;对病变鼠脏器309份压印培养鼠疫杆菌全部阴性。结论清远市两个鼠疫监测点的主要鼠种是褐家鼠,主要蚤种是印鼠客蚤,暂未发现鼠类和人群的鼠疫感染情况,存在鼠疫疫源地生态环境所具有的条件,应加强鼠疫指示动物和传播媒介的监测,开展灭鼠工作。
OBJECTIVE: To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague in our city by analyzing the monitoring results of plague host and healthy population at two monitoring points in Qingxin County and Fogang County in Qingyuan City. Methods Plague surveillance in plague area was conducted throughout the city. Monitoring points between human and animal hosts were set up. Healthy blood was collected and live mice were harvested for serological and pathological tests. Statistical analyzes were performed on mouse density and vector rat flea index. Results No epidemic situation of plague outbreak and self-contained herd in the city during the monitoring period from 2007 to 2008 was reported. 376 healthy human serum samples were collected for indirect hemagglutination test (IHA-F1 antibody) negative. A total of 8 kinds of animals (live and dead) were captured ) 703, including 70.84% of Rattus norvegicus, 8.96% of rodent, 7.25% of Rattus flavipectus, 4.98% of Panax notoginseng, 3.70% of Mus musculus, 2.42% of stinkbug, 1.71% 0.14%; domestic animals accounted for 84.21%, wild rats accounted for 15.79%; male and female sex ratio was 1.38: 1; total rat density was 10.32%, domestic rat density was 8.85%, yellow rat density was 1.04% Rodent density was 11.74%; domestic flea rat flea index 0.21, wild rats flea flea index 0.16. The total index of rat fleas was 0.2, the index of guest rat fleas was 0.15, and the total index of free flea was 0. The 549 live mouse serum samples were all negative for IHA-F1 antibody test. All the 309 strains of implants negative. Conclusion The main rat species of two plague surveillance sites in Qingyuan are Rattus norvegicus, the main flea species are the rat fleas, yet no plague infection has been found in mice and humans, and the conditions of the plague foci exist. The monitoring of plague-ridden animals and the mass media should be strengthened to carry out anti-rodent work.