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目的应用风险识别与评估方法,评估天津市病媒生物传播疾病发生的风险,避免媒介生物性传染病的发生或流行。方法通过综合分析风险性事件发生的概率和事件发生后造成的后果,对风险进行分级。结果2008-2012年天津市蚊和鼠密度监测结果显示,鼠密度呈逐年下降(0.64%~0.19%),捕获鼠鼠疫F1抗体间接血凝试验检测均为阴性,检测肾综合征出血热(HFRS)病毒2011年为0.85%,2012年为阴性;蚊密度年平均密度分别为14.11、15.04、16.64、18.82和11.09只/(灯·h),近年来蚊虫携带病原微生物检测均为阴性。天津市蚊媒传播的主要疾病疟疾、登革热、流行性乙型脑炎及鼠类传播的疾病鼠疫、HFRS的发生流行尚属低风险级别。结论天津市存在发生媒介生物性传染病的风险,日常应加强媒介生物密度及主要媒介病原生物携带的监测,对居民加强相关知识的宣传,适量储备相关药械,以预防和控制传染病发生与流行。
Objective To evaluate the risk of vector-borne diseases in Tianjin by using the method of risk identification and assessment to avoid the occurrence or prevalence of vector-borne diseases. The method classifies the risk by comprehensively analyzing the probability of occurrence of the risk event and the consequence after the event. Results The results of mosquito and rat density monitoring in Tianjin from 2008 to 2012 showed that the density of rats dropped year by year (0.64% -0.19%). The indirect hemagglutination test of F1 antibody in captured mice was negative. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS ) Virus was 0.85% in 2011 and negative in 2012. The annual average density of mosquito density was 14.11,15.04,16.64,18.82 and 11.09 / (lamp · h), respectively. In recent years, the detection of mosquito-carrying pathogenic microorganisms was negative. The main mosquito-borne diseases in Tianjin Malaria, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and rodent-borne diseases Plague, the prevalence of HFRS is still a low-risk level. Conclusion There is a risk of vector-borne infectious diseases in Tianjin. Daily monitoring of the density of vector organisms and carriage of pathogens in major vectors should be strengthened. Residents should be encouraged to publicize relevant knowledge and stockpiled appropriate medicines to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases .