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甾体药物的工业生产最初主要是用化学方法改造不同的天然甾体化合物。但纯粹用化学方法时,往往合成步骤多、得率低、价格昂贵。而且,某些反应用化学方法很难进行,例如:将含氧的官能团导入甾体母核的C_(?)位特别困难,在天然资源中又找不到这种类似的甾体化合物。这曾一度影响了皮质激素类药物的工业生产。自从发现用微生物转换法可将氧原子导入孕甾酮的C_(?)位后,解决了合成可的松过程中最大的困难。从此,用微生物转换改造甾体化合物结构的方法引起了人们高度的重视,其应用也就日益广泛。实践证明,微生物转换作用具有这样一些特点:
The industrial production of steroidal drugs was primarily the chemical modification of different natural steroidal compounds. However, purely chemical methods, often more synthetic steps, low yield, expensive. Moreover, some reactions are difficult to carry out chemically. For example, it is particularly difficult to introduce oxygen-containing functional groups into the C_ (?) Site of the steroidal parent nucleus, and such a similar steroid can not be found in natural resources. This once affected the industrial production of corticosteroids. Since the introduction of oxygen atoms into the C_ (?) Sites of progesterone by microbial conversion method, the biggest difficulty in the process of synthesizing cortisone has been solved. Since then, the method of transforming the structure of steroid compounds by using microorganisms has drawn great attention and its application is also increasingly widespread. Practice has proved that microbial conversion has such characteristics: