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以“津春5号”黄瓜为试材,采用盆栽方法,在石英砂中添加外源苯丙烯酸和对羟基苯甲酸(100mg·kg~(-1)),分别施用或配施碳化玉米芯、生物有机肥及菌剂,研究了不同外源酚酸物质对植株生理生化指标的影响,及不同施肥措施对其影响的缓解作用。结果表明:黄瓜幼苗对不同外源酚酸物质的毒害反应具有差异,苯丙烯酸对植株主根长的抑制作用较对羟基苯甲酸强,对羟基苯甲酸在根系活力、株高、根冠比和地下部鲜质量指标上具有更强的抑制作用。不同施肥措施对酚酸毒害作用的缓解效应不同。当添加外源苯丙烯酸,碳化玉米芯+生物有机肥有利于黄瓜幼苗丙二醛(MDA)含量减少,茎粗和主根长增加,细胞膜相对透性保持适中水平;单施碳化玉米芯有利于植株根系活力、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和株高增加,碳化玉米芯+生物有机肥+菌剂有利于根体积、地下部鲜质量和根冠比增加;生物有机肥有利于植株过氧化物酶(POD)活性和地上部鲜质量增加。添加外源对羟基苯甲酸,碳化玉米芯+生物有机肥有利于植株叶绿素含量、SOD活性、POD活性、地下部鲜质量和根冠比增加,MDA含量减少;生物有机肥有利于株高、茎粗和主根长增加;碳化玉米芯+生物有机肥+菌剂有利于根系活力和根体积增加。该试验说明在该试验酚酸浓度范围内,应用适宜的缓解措施,有利于缓解土壤中酚酸物质的毒害作用。
Using “Jinchun No.5” cucumber as test material, exogenous phenyl acrylic acid and p - hydroxybenzoic acid (100mg · kg -1) were added into quartz sand by pot method, The effects of different exogenous phenolic acids on the physiological and biochemical indexes of plants and the effects of different fertilizers on them were studied. The results showed that the cucumber seedlings had different toxic effects on different exogenous phenolic acids. The inhibitory effect of phenyl acrylic acid on plant root length was stronger than that of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The root activity, plant height, root / shoot ratio and underground Department of fresh quality indicators have a stronger inhibitory effect. Different fertilizers have different alleviating effects on phenolic acids. When exogenous phenyl acrylic acid and carbonized corn cob + bio-organic fertilizer were added, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cucumber seedling decreased, the stem diameter and main root length increased, and the relative permeability of cell membrane remained moderate. Single carbonized corn cob was beneficial to plant Root activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and plant height were increased. Carbonized corn cob + bio-organic fertilizer + bacterium agent was beneficial to root volume, fresh weight of the underground and root / shoot ratio increased; bio-organic fertilizer was beneficial to plant peroxidation The activity of POD and shoot fresh weight increased. Adding exogenous p-hydroxybenzoic acid and carbonized corn cob + bio-organic fertilizer were beneficial to plant chlorophyll content, SOD activity, POD activity, fresh weight of roots and shoot-root ratio and MDA content decreased; Coarse and main root length increased; carbonized corn cob + bio-organic fertilizer + fungi beneficial root activity and root volume increased. The test shows that the application of appropriate mitigation measures in the concentration range of the test phenolic acids is conducive to alleviating the toxic effects of phenolic acids in the soil.