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目的探讨职业低剂量电离辐射从业人员肝功能指标丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)与谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)异常升高的危险因素。方法收集2015年成都市513名放射从业者一般人口学、辐射暴露及职业健康体检的ALT与GGT资料。采用t检验、方差分析、χ~2检验、多因素Logistic回归等方法进行统计分析。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示:男性比女性更容易出现ALT(OR=4.07,P<0.05)和GGT(OR=3.62,P<0.05)升高;从事放射诊断的从业者比其他工种具有更高的ALT(OR=2.59,P<0.05)和GGT(OR=5.11,P<0.05)升高风险;BMI越高,ALT和GGT升高的风险就越大,从事放射诊断以及同位素工种且超重或肥胖的从业者比BMI正常且为其他辐射暴露的从业者,出现ALT升高的风险更高;从事放射诊断且BMI高于正常的职业人员有更高的GGT升高的风险。结论低剂量电离辐射从业人员ALT与GGT升高主要与性别、工种和BMI有关,男性、从事放射诊断且为高BMI者有更高的ALT与GGT升高风险。
Objective To investigate the risk factors for abnormally elevated hepatic function indexes such as ALT and GGT in professional low-dose ionizing radiation workers. Methods The ALT and GGT data of 513 radiological practitioners in Chengdu in 2015 were collected for general demography, radiation exposure and occupational health examination. T test, analysis of variance, χ ~ 2 test, multivariate Logistic regression and other methods were used for statistical analysis. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that men were more likely to have ALT (OR = 4.07, P <0.05) and GGT (OR = 3.62, P <0.05) than women, and practitioners engaged in radiation diagnoses had higher rates than other types of work (OR = 2.59, P <0.05) and GGT (OR = 5.11, P <0.05). The higher the BMI, the higher the risk of ALT and GGT. Obese practitioners have a higher risk of having elevated ALT than those with normal BMI and other radiation exposures; and those at higher-than-normal BMI have a higher risk of GGT for radiation therapy. Conclusions Elevated ALT and GGT levels among low-dose ionizing radiation workers are mainly related to sex, type of work and BMI. Men, at diagnosis of radiation, have a higher risk of elevated ALT and GGT in those with high BMI.