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在新墨西哥州阿尔布开克市附近,一个11岁的男孩,因剥一只死野狗,三天后发生腋窝腺鼠疫和鼠疫脑膜炎。这只野狗的尸体于10天后取回,从脾脏和骨髓分离出鼠疫杆菌。由于接触野狗而发生人类鼠疫这是首次报告。实验观察和流行病学研究提示犬目动物感染严重鼠疫是罕见的,以及直接接触野狗组织而得鼠疫的危险性是最小的。但是,一般说来,入在接触野狗时还是必须小心的。世界上的大部分腺鼠疫病人都是由于接触了感染的啮齿类和它们的寄生蚤。食肉目动物作为人类鼠疫的原因是罕见的。在世界各地,因为直接接触感染鼠疫的猫而发生腺鼠疫已有记述,家养食肉目动物猫和犬也可能偶然由于传播感染鼠疫的啮齿类和家兔的跳蚤而把鼠疫传染给它们的主人。直接与狗接触而发生人类鼠疫过去从未有过证实。本文首次记述由于直接接触染疫野狗的组织而发生腺鼠疫。
Near Albuquerque, New Mexico, an 11-year-old boy died of axillary bubonic plague and plague meningitis three days after he was stripped of a dead wild dog. The corpse of this stray dog is retrieved after 10 days, and Yersinia pestis is isolated from the spleen and bone marrow. This is the first report of a human plague due to exposure to wild dogs. Experimental observations and epidemiological studies suggest that canine animals infected with severe plague are rare and the risk of plague directly from wild dogs is minimal. However, in general, care must be taken when contacting wild dogs. Most gouty plague patients in the world are caused by exposure to infected rodents and their parasitic fleas. Carnivores are rare causes of human plague. In all parts of the world, bubonic plague has been documented for direct contact with cats infected with the plague. Domestic carnivores, such as cats and dogs, may also occasionally transmit plague to their hosts by spreading rodents that infect plague and fleas in rabbits. Human plague has never been confirmed in the past when it came into direct contact with dogs. This article describes for the first time bubonic plague due to direct contact with infected dogs.