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目的通过对湖南省长沙地区农村妇女进行子宫颈癌筛查,分析农村妇女的生殖道健康状况和子宫颈癌患病及死亡情况。方法对2009—2012年长沙地区6个城区和3个乡镇共453 279名35~59岁农村妇女采用妇科检查、宫颈脱落细胞巴氏涂片、阴道镜和组织病理学方法进行子宫颈癌筛查和确诊。结果筛查例数453 279人,筛查率为16.69%,乡镇农村妇女子宫颈癌筛查率明显低于城区农村妇女(P<0.05),生殖道感染患病率二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),子宫颈癌患病率和死亡率分别为40/10万和7/10万,乡镇农村妇女子宫颈癌筛查率均明显高于城区农村妇女(P<0.05)。结论政府应加大对经济落后地区子宫颈癌筛查的政策资金和医疗资源投入,使子宫颈癌患者得到更及时有效的检查和治疗。
Objective To analyze the status of reproductive tract health and cervical cancer prevalence and death among rural women through cervical screening of rural women in Changsha, Hunan Province. Methods A total of 453,279 rural women aged 35-59 years old from 6 urban districts and 3 townships in Changsha City from 2009 to 2012 were screened for cervical cancer by gynecological examination, Pap smear of cervical exfoliated cells, colposcopy and histopathology And diagnosed. Results The number of screening cases was 453 279 with a screening rate of 16.69%. The screening rate of cervical cancer in rural women in rural areas was significantly lower than that in rural women in urban areas (P <0.05), and the prevalence of genital tract infections was not significantly different (P> 0.05). The prevalence and mortality rate of cervical cancer were 40/10 million and 7/10 respectively. The screening rates of cervical cancer in rural women in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban areas (P0.05). Conclusion The government should increase the policy funds and medical resources for cervical cancer screening in economically backward areas so that patients with cervical cancer can get more timely and effective examination and treatment.