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中国煤炭产业正面临着一场重大变革,解决去产能去冗余问题已迫在眉睫,企业“走出去”加入全球化互动不失为解决当前煤炭产业诸多问题的一条有效途径,“一带一路”战略的提出,恰为此提供了良好契机。作为先行研究,选取“一带一路”沿线部分国家进行政治(P)、经济(E)、社会(S)、技术(T)、环境(E)分析。分析结果表明,虽然多数国家政治环境保持相对稳定,经济具有很大发展潜力,但同时也存在国家政策不稳、贪腐、政府效率低下、排外(华)以及金融、环保壁垒等问题。中国煤炭企业欲在“一带一路”沿线国家开展资源合作,需要将政治、经济、社会、环境等风险纳入前期成本之中,利用多种手段加以规避,并加强与当地企业的合作,形成共赢机制,充分发挥产业技术优势。建议中国企业应与煤炭资源丰富、煤炭利用增长空间大的国家合作;结合本国政府与行业协会的力量,共同应对政治经济、社会风险;注重收集目标国的情报信息,形成及时、丰富、详尽的情报储备;采取煤炭资源就地利用、技术设备出口以及煤炭技术人员劳务输出等多种方式进行海外合作。
China’s coal industry is facing a major change. It is imminent to solve the problem of going to the capacity to go redundant. To join the globalization interaction is an effective way to solve many problems in the current coal industry. The “One Belt and One Road” Strategy proposed, just provide a good opportunity for this. As a precedent study, some countries along the “Belt and the Road” are selected to conduct political (P), economic (E), social (S), technological (T) and environmental (E) analyzes. The analysis shows that although the political environment in most countries remains relatively stable and the economy has great potential for development, problems such as instability of national policies, corruption, inefficient government, xenophobia and financial and environmental barriers also exist. China’s coal enterprises wanting to cooperate in resources along the “Belt and Road” countries need to incorporate the risks of politics, economy, society and environment into their up-front costs, using various means to evade them and strengthening their cooperation with local enterprises to form Win-win mechanism, give full play to industrial technology. It is suggested that Chinese enterprises should cooperate with countries that have rich coal resources and large space for coal utilization growth. They should combine their government and industry associations to jointly deal with political, economic and social risks. They should also pay attention to collecting intelligence information of target countries to form a timely, rich and detailed Intelligence reserves; to take coal resources in-situ utilization, export of technical equipment and coal export of labor services and other means of overseas cooperation.