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柴达木盆地滩涧山群碳沥青广泛分布,资源量大,钒、镍等金属元素含量高,已发现的金属矿床与滩涧山群分布具有较好的一致性。因此,研究滩涧山群碳沥青的形成机制,探讨其与金属矿形成相互作用,有助于对油气与金属矿产共生/共存的研究,对柴达木盆地油气资源和金属矿床的勘探研究具有重要意义。通过野外实测剖面明确碳沥青分布特征,测定碳沥青金属元素含量并进行有机地球化学分析,对碳沥青形成机制及其与金属矿伴生进行探讨。研究表明,柴达木盆地碳沥青主要分布在赛什腾山、滩涧山、茫崖石棉矿和开木齐地区。以柴北缘滩涧山地区为例,碳沥青主要赋存在滩涧山群a段灰岩和砂岩储层或与泥岩同层储存。油源对比表明碳沥青来源于滩间山群a段泥岩,母质类型为藻类等低等水生生物,形成于浅海-半深水、缺氧还原的海相咸水环境中,并遭受过较强生物作用。滩涧山群碳沥青形成时的活动构造与岩浆作用有利于金属元素富集,促进烃类流体与金属元素相互作用,有机质对金属元素的初始富集或流体从外界条件萃取富集造成滩涧山地区碳沥青中部分金属元素含量高,具有很大的金属成矿潜力。
There are wide distribution of carbon bitumen in Tanjian Mountain Group in the Qaidam Basin, with large amount of resources and high content of vanadium and nickel. The distribution of metal deposits and Tanjian Mountain Group found is in good agreement. Therefore, the research on the formation mechanism of carbon pitch in Tanjian Mountain Group, and its interaction with metallogenetic are helpful to the study of symbiosis / coexistence of oil and gas and metallogenic minerals. The exploration of hydrocarbon resources and metallogenic deposits in Qaidam Basin has Significance. The distribution characteristics of carbon bitumen were determined through the measured sections in the field. The content of carbon bitumen was determined and the organic geochemical analysis was carried out. The formation mechanism of carbon bitumen and its association with metallogenic ore were discussed. Studies have shown that carbon asphalt in the Qaidam Basin is mainly distributed in such areas as Seth Tengshan, Tanjian Mountain, Mangya as Mangya, and Kaiqiqi area. In the case of Tanjian Mountain in the northern margin of Qaidam, carbon bitumen mainly occurs in limestone and sandstone reservoirs of a section of Tanjian Mountain Group or in the same layer with mudstone. Comparison of oil sources shows that carbon bitumen originated from mudstone of a section of Tanjinshan Group, and its parental types are lower aquatic organisms such as algae, formed in marine saltwater environment of shallow sea - semi-deep water and anaerobic reduction and suffered from strong organisms effect. The activity tectonics and magmatism during the formation of Tanjian Mountain Group carbon bitumen are beneficial to the enrichment of metal elements, the interaction between hydrocarbon fluids and metal elements, the initial enrichment of metal elements by organic matter or the enrichment of fluid from external conditions, Some carbon bitumen in mountainous area has high content of metal elements and has great metallogenic potential.