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目的了解重症甲型H1N1流感的临床特点,探索其治疗方法。方法回顾性分析53例重症甲型H1N1流感患者的临床资料,总结其临床规律及特点。结果重症甲型H1N1流感好发于20～40岁,20例(37.74%)伴有各种基础疾病。51例(96.23%)有发热,且48例(90.57%)为首发症状,多伴随有畏寒、咳嗽、咳痰、乏力、胸闷和气急等症状。发病早期血常规检查白细胞及中性粒细胞多正常或下降;胸部影像学检查提示33例(62.26%)患者继发不同程度的支气管炎或肺炎。患者经奥司他韦或帕拉米韦抗病毒治疗及相应的抗感染、针对基础疾病治疗等,除2例患者自动出院外,余均痊愈出院。结论重症甲型H1N1流感起病急,早诊断、早期积极合理治疗,能改善预后。
Objective To understand the clinical features of severe type A H1N1 influenza and to explore its treatment. Methods The clinical data of 53 patients with severe type A (H1N1) influenza were retrospectively analyzed and their clinical characteristics and clinical features were summarized. The results of severe influenza A (H1N1) influenza occurred in 20 to 40 years old, 20 cases (37.74%) with a variety of underlying diseases. 51 cases (96.23%) had fever, and 48 cases (90.57%) were the first symptoms, mostly accompanied by chills, cough, sputum, fatigue, chest tightness and shortness of breath and other symptoms. Early onset of blood routine examination of leukocytes and neutrophils more than normal or decreased; chest imaging examination prompt 33 patients (62.26%) patients with secondary to varying degrees of bronchitis or pneumonia. The patients were treated with oseltamivir or peramivir antiviral therapy and the corresponding anti-infectives. According to the treatment of basic diseases, all patients were discharged except 2 patients who were discharged automatically. Conclusions Severe swine influenza A (H1N1) is an acute and early diagnosis of acute influenza A (H1N1). Early positive and reasonable treatment can improve the prognosis.