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目的对西宁市某县36个村实施改水后6 a(2004—2010年)的效果进行测评。方法调查实施改水前后粮食产量、人均收入以及学生氟斑牙患病情况。结果共检查8～12岁学生1 199名,其中改换低氟水源的29个村检查887名,氟斑牙患病率为24.46%;未改水源的7个村检查312名,氟斑牙患病率达41.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.38,P<0.01)。改换低氟水源的8～12岁学生患病率达到<30%的病区控制标准。年人均粮食产量由改水前的205 kg增长到316 kg。人均经济收入由改水前的226元增长到392元。结论该县的改水降氟工程有显著的社会效益和经济效益;改水后的管理工作应加强。
Objective To evaluate the effect of 6 years (2004-2010) on water quality improvement in 36 villages in a county of Xining. Methods Investigate food production before and after water diversion, per capita income and the prevalence of dental fluorosis. Results A total of 1 199 students aged 8 to 12 years were examined. Among them, 887 were examined in 29 villages with low-fluoride water sources, and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was 24.46%. There were 312 dental fluorosis patients The prevalence rate was 41.67%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 32.38, P <0.01). Change the low-fluoride water 8 to 12-year-old student prevalence rate of <30% of the ward control standards. Annual per capita food production increased from 205 kg before watering to 316 kg. Per capita income increased from 226 yuan before water improvement to 392 yuan. Conclusion The water and fluoride reduction project in this county has significant social and economic benefits; the management after the water diversion should be strengthened.