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目的探讨将听性脑干反应(ABR)和瞬态声诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)应用于高危新生儿听力损伤监测中的特点、差异和意义。方法分别应用MADSENCapella+型全功能耳声发射分析仪和MADSENERA2260型听性脑干反应仪对171例(342耳)不同病因导致的高危新生儿同时进行TEOAE和ABR测试,将2种测试方法进行比较。结果在171例(342耳)患儿中,TEOAE初筛通过率为66.96%(229/342耳),ABR通过率92.99%(318/342耳),两者共同阴性率为70.47%(241/342耳),TEOAE初筛的假阳性率为84.07%(95/113耳),假阴性率为2.62%(9/229耳)。结论ABR测试是可靠的新生儿听力筛查方法,TEOAE具有方便、客观、快速、无创等特点,为较好的新生儿听力筛查方法,但假阳性率高。二者需相互结合,相互补充。
Objective To explore the characteristics, differences and significances of using auditory brainstem response (ABR) and transient acoustic evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) in the monitoring of hearing impairment in high-risk neonates. Methods Twenty-one high-risk neonates (342 ears) with different etiologies were tested for TEOAE and ABR using the MADSENCapella + full-function otoacoustic emission analyzer and the MADSENERA2260-type auditory brainstem response analyzer. The two test methods were compared. Results In 171 children (342 ears), the primary screening rate of TEOAE was 66.96% (229/342 ears) and the rate of ABR was 92.99% (318/342 ears), the common negative rate was 70.47% (241 / 342 ears), the false positive rate of TEOAE screening was 84.07% (95/113 ears) and the false negative rate was 2.62% (9/229 ears). Conclusion ABR test is a reliable neonatal hearing screening method. TEOAE is a convenient, objective, rapid and noninvasive method, which is a good screening method for newborn hearing, but the false positive rate is high. Both need to be combined with each other and complement each other.