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工程外包的动力对全球经济的影响成为企业界和公众讨论的一个热门话题。对有疑问的工程毕业生数据的一致性报道,被用来煽起美国对失去其技术优势的恐惧。一些具有代表性的文章指出,在2004年,美国大约毕业了约70,000名本科工程师,而这一数字在中国是600,000名,印度是350,000名。我们的研究表明,这些数据是不合适的比较。印度和中国工程类毕业生的这些巨大数字不仅包括四年制的学位获得者,也包括三年制培训课程计划和文凭的获得者。这些数字是与美国受过认证的四年制工程类学位的年度统计做比较的。除了缺乏对毕业生类别(事务型或动态型)和所授予学位之质量作细致分析外,这些文章还趋向于不把这些人数放到每个国家的人口统计学中。本文对可能的数据进行比较后建议:美国要培养大量的工程师、计算机科学家和信息技术专家,并在全球市场中保持其竞争力。
The impact of engineering outsourcing on the global economy has become a hot topic of discussion in business and the public. Consensus coverage of the data of engineering graduates in question was used to fan the United States’ fear of losing its technological advantage. Some representative articles point out that in 2004 about 70,000 undergraduate engineers graduated from the United States, compared with 600,000 in China and 350,000 in India. Our research shows that these data are not suitable for comparison. These huge numbers of engineering graduates in India and China include not only four-year degree winners, but also winners of three-year training course plans and diplomas. These figures are compared with the annual statistics of the four-year engineering degree in the United States. In addition to a lack of detailed analysis of the quality of graduates (transactional or dynamic) and the degree awarded, these articles also tend not to put these numbers in the demographics of each country. This article suggests possible comparisons of possible data: The United States will have to train a large number of engineers, computer scientists, and information technology experts and remain competitive in the global marketplace.