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以甲烷为碳源,硫酸亚铁为催化剂前驱体,通过化学气相沉积在石墨基板上制得了空心锥状炭纤维。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、激光拉曼光谱、热失重等分析手段,以平直炭纤维为参照,对比研究了空心锥状炭纤维的微观结构特征。实验结果表明:空心锥状炭纤维由众多空心锥并串联而成,单个空心锥底面直径约1μm,锥高为几百nm;径向平面内三个底面直径约1μm,空心锥呈三角形紧密挟接;轴向方向相邻空心锥由单根纤维连接,形成的单束空心锥状炭纤维直径为约2~3μm。与平直炭纤维相比,空心锥状炭纤维微观结构有序度较高,层间距较小,微晶尺寸较大。
Hollow conical carbon fibers were prepared on graphite substrates by chemical vapor deposition using methane as carbon source and ferrous sulfate as catalyst precursors. The microstructure characteristics of hollow conical carbon fibers were contrasted with straight carbon fibers by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, laser Raman spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. The experimental results show that the hollow conical carbon fibers consist of a series of hollow cones connected in series. The diameter of a single hollow conical bottom is about 1 μm and the cone height is a few hundred nm. The diameter of three bottom surfaces in a radial plane is about 1 μm. The hollow cones adjacent to each other in the axial direction are connected by a single fiber, and the diameter of the single bundle of hollow conical carbon fibers formed is about 2~3 μm. Compared with the straight carbon fiber, hollow conical carbon fiber microstructure higher order, smaller spacing, crystallite size larger.