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为了探寻可减轻水稻灌浆期高温伤害并能应用于生产中的技术途径,以广东省主推超级稻品种“玉香油占”为材料,于2014年、2015年在华南农业大学农场进行田间试验,在灌浆期设置3个不同时段的喷水处理(S1为11:00—12:00,S2为13:00—14:00,S3为15:00—16:00),以不喷水、湿润水层0~1 cm的稻田为对照(CK),研究了灌浆期不同时间喷水对玉香油占产量和品质的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,3个喷水处理均能改善稻田小气候温湿度,其中S3降温增湿效果最好;喷水降温显著提高了产量及其构成因素中的穗粒数和千粒重(P<0.05),其中S1处理产量和穗粒数最高,S2处理结实率增加最多;有效改善了稻米品质,其中垩白率显著降低(P<0.05)、垩白度有所降低;显著提高了灌浆速率(P<0.05),促进有机物质的积累,增加了千粒重;灌浆期不同时间喷水降温,使过氧化物酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),抗逆性增强,协同提高了玉香油占的产量和品质。
In order to find a way to reduce the damage of rice during grain filling and to apply it in production, a field experiment was conducted on the farms of South China Agricultural University in 2014 and 2015 with the super-rice variety “Jade Oil” as the main product in Guangdong Province. , Set up three different stages of water treatment (S1: 11: 00-12: 00, S2: 13: 00-14: 00 and S3: 15: 00-16: 00) The paddy field of 0-1 cm soil layer was used as control (CK). Effects of watering on the yield and quality of Jade Oil at different time of filling stage were studied. The results showed that compared with the control, all three water treatments could improve the climate and humidity in the paddy field, of which S3 had the best effect of reducing temperature and increasing the humidity. Spraying the water temperature significantly increased the grains per spike and 1000-grain weight (P <0.05). Among them, the yield of S1 and the number of grains per spike were the highest, and the seed setting rate of S2 was the highest. The quality of rice was effectively improved. The chalkiness rate was significantly lower (P <0.05) and the chalkiness was lower. (P <0.05), promote the accumulation of organic matter and increase 1000-grain weight. Spraying water at different time during grain filling stage decreased the activity of peroxidase and increased the activity of peroxidase (P <0.05) Yield and quality.