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心理学描述亲子关系的经典理论依据叫做“依恋”。依恋是指婴儿和其照顾者(一般为母亲)之间存在的一种特殊的感情关系。它产生于婴儿与其照顾者的相互作用过程中,是一种感情上的联结和纽带。依恋的发展是一个双向的过程,是婴儿与照顾者相互作用的产物。要使婴儿获得安全型依恋,照顾者必须经常关心婴儿的需要,当婴儿发出各种需求信号时,应及时给予积极恰当的反应,并要不断地调节自己以适应婴儿的行为。因此,良好的亲子关系不是与生俱来的,而是在这样的积极恰当的互动中产生的。
The classic theoretical basis for describing parent-child relationship in psychology is called “attachment ”. Attachment refers to the special emotional relationship that exists between a baby and his caregiver (usually a mother). It arises from the interaction between the infant and his caregiver, an emotional bond and bond. The development of attachment is a two-way process, a product of the interaction between a baby and a caregiver. Caregivers must be constantly concerned with the needs of their babies in order to get safe attachment to babies. When babies send out signals of need, they should respond promptly and appropriately and adjust themselves constantly to adapt to their behavior. Therefore, good parent-child relationship is not born, but arises in such a positive and appropriate interaction.