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山药的生长期从清明前后播种到秋冬收获,长达150天以上,需肥量大。山药的食用部分是地下茎,地下茎与茎叶同步发育,生产1 000kg块茎,需纯氮4.3kg、磷1.1kg、钾5.4kg,产2 500kg/667m2~3 000kg/667m2,需纯氮25kg、磷20kg、钾30kg,氮、磷、钾比例为4∶1∶5或1∶0.8∶1.5。基肥应以有机肥为主,施腐熟鸡粪800~1 000kg/667m2、复合肥60~80kg,或过磷酸钙100kg、草木灰200~300kg。也可以在施用有机肥的基础上亩施复混肥40~50kg。要根据苗情施适量速效氮肥,每667m2分2~3次施人畜粪2 000kg、尿素20kg、硫酸钾10kg;或三元复合肥40~50kg。也可以在施用有机肥的基础上施复混肥40~50kg/667m2。
Yam growth period sowing from before and after harvest to autumn and winter harvest, up to 150 days or more, a large amount of fertilizer needed. Yam edible part of the underground stems, underground stems and leaves the simultaneous development of production of 1 000 kg tubers, required pure nitrogen 4.3kg, phosphorus 1.1kg, potassium 5.4kg, producing 2 500kg / 667m2 ~ 3000kg / 667m2, 25kg pure nitrogen, phosphorus 20kg, potassium 30kg, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 4: 1: 5 or 1: 0.8: 1.5. Basal fertilizer should be based on organic fertilizer, applied rotten chicken manure 800 ~ 1 000kg / 667m2, compound fertilizer 60 ~ 80kg, or superphosphate 100kg, ash 200 ~ 300kg. It is also possible to apply 40 to 50 kg of compound fertilizer on the basis of applying organic fertilizer. According to the Miao Shi appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer, every 667m2 points 2 to 3 times manure 2 000kg, urea 20kg, potassium sulfate 10kg; or ternary compound fertilizer 40 ~ 50kg. Fertilizers can also be applied on the basis of fertilizer 40 ~ 50kg / 667m2.