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与抛物面或波导裂缝这类无源天线不同,有源组件众多的相控阵天线的辐射特性主要取决于电子线路的性能。因此,必须采用有效方法来确定有故障的组件或分系统的位置。然而,部件完好并不能保证整个系统的正确运行。所以,在运行系统中应采取别的手段来控制辐射方向图。本文先叙述了近场和远场方向图测量的各种方法,进而研讨它们实际使用的可能性。然后,研究监测组件参数的步骤。比较可取的是,每个组件上增加的监测硬件在有利于普通测试设备的条件下应尽量的小。最后,给出了一个实际例子。实验相控阵雷达ELRA采用近场测试法监测和校准约1100个有源组件。
Unlike passive antennas such as parabolic or waveguide fissures, the radiation characteristics of a large number of phased array antennas with active components are primarily dependent on the performance of the electronic circuit. Therefore, effective methods must be used to determine the location of a failed component or subsystem. However, good parts do not guarantee proper operation of the entire system. Therefore, in the operating system should take other means to control the radiation pattern. This article first describes the various methods of near-field and far-field pattern measurements, and then discusses their practical possibilities. Then, study the steps to monitor component parameters. Preferably, the additional monitoring hardware on each component should be as small as possible in the interest of common test equipment. Finally, a practical example is given. Experimental Phased Array Radar ELRA employs Near-Field Testing to monitor and calibrate approximately 1,100 active components.