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目的调查北京市东城区公共场所集中空调通风系统的污染状况,为卫生管理提供依据。方法采用调查表对北京市东城区内20家不同类型公共场所的集中空调通风系统的卫生管理状况进行调查,同时对全部场所进行卫生检测。结果北京市东城区公共场所集中空调通风系统管理情况不一,酒店、商场的管理比较好,超市、餐饮单位的管理比较差;不同类型的公共场所集中空调通风系统均有不同程度的污染,其中餐饮单位的污染率最高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.4,P<0.01);公共场所集中空调通风系统的各类监测指标中,可吸入颗粒物的不合格率最高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.576,P<0.05)。结论建议相关部门加强公共场所集中空调通风系统的监管和行业自律,特别是使用集中空调系统的餐饮单位更要加强管理,提高室内空气质量。
Objective To investigate the pollution status of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and provide the basis for health management. Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the health management of central air-conditioning and ventilation systems in 20 different types of public places in Dongcheng District, Beijing. At the same time, sanitary inspection was conducted for all places. Results The management of centralized air-conditioning and ventilation systems in public places in Dongcheng District of Beijing varied. The management of hotels and shopping malls was relatively good while the management of supermarkets and catering units was relatively poor. The air-conditioning and ventilation systems of different types of public places were polluted to varying degrees, The pollution rate of catering units was the highest, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 36.4, P <0.01). In all kinds of monitoring indicators of centralized air-conditioning and ventilation system in public places, the highest failure rate of inhalable particles was statistically significant χ2 = 14.576, P <0.05). Conclusion The relevant departments are advised to strengthen the supervision and self-discipline of central air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places. In particular, the catering units that use central air conditioning systems should also strengthen management and improve the indoor air quality.