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土壤盐渍化严重威胁着干旱区绿洲的稳定与可持续发展,因此借助遥感手段快速提取盐渍地信息并掌握其空间分布有着重要的现实意义。本文以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例,探讨了基于主成分融合的干旱区盐渍地信息的提取方法。由于Landsat-7 ETM+的全色波段与多光谱波段有相同的太阳高度角和其他环境条件,影像获取时间一致,两种不同分辨率的数据可以不经配准而实现高精度融合。首先,对2001年的遥感影像数据(ETM影像)进行几何校正;再利用主成分融合技术,将多波段的ETM+影像与对应的全色波段影像进行主成分融合,在此基础上进行盐渍地信息的提取。实验表明,该方法的结果分类精度较高,与实地调查结果基本相符,是监测干旱区盐渍地变化的有效手段。结果表明:盐渍地主要分布在绿洲的和沙漠之间的交错带,盐渍地的分布在绿洲内部呈条形状分布,而在绿洲外部呈片状分布,且绿洲外部重度盐渍地交错分布在中轻度盐渍地中。研究结果对于干旱区绿洲盐渍地的合理开发和可持续发展有着重要现实意义。
Soil salinization is a serious threat to the stability and sustainable development of oasis in arid regions. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to extract salinized information quickly and grasp its spatial distribution by means of remote sensing. Taking the Weigan-Kuqa River delta oasis as an example, the paper explores the extraction method of salinized ground information based on principal component fusion in arid areas. Due to the same solar elevation angle and other environmental conditions in the panchromatic and multi-spectral bands of the Landsat-7 ETM +, the acquisition times are the same and data of two different resolutions can be fused without registration. First of all, geometric correction is made to the remote sensing image data (ETM image) in 2001. Then, the principal component fusion is used to fuse the principal component between the multi-band ETM + image and the corresponding panchromatic image. Based on this, Information extraction. Experiments show that the method has a high classification accuracy and is basically consistent with the field survey results, which is an effective method to monitor the change of salinity in arid areas. The results show that salinized land is mainly distributed in the ecotone between the oasis and the desert. The distribution of saline land is strip-shaped in the oasis and flaky in the outer oasis, and the distribution of salty ground outside the oasis is staggered In the mild salty ground. The research results have important practical significance for the reasonable development and sustainable development of oasis salty land in arid area.