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目的探讨手足口病住院患儿入院时流行病学和临床特征。方法回顾性总结2008年5-8月份手足口病高发季节我院收治的239例住院患儿病例资料。结果住院>5天患儿年龄偏小(P=0.025),3岁以下儿童构成比较高(P=0.012);入院时体温、心率和呼吸频率均偏高(P=0.015;P=0.031或P=0.013),最高体温≥38℃的患儿构成比较高(P=0.023)。与年龄>3岁患儿比较,年龄≤3岁患儿并发急性支气管炎、支气管肺炎的发生率较高(P=0.011或P=0.008),出现心肌损害及神经系统损害表现发生率也均较高(P=0.036或P=0.017),且出现2种以上并发症状比例更高(P=0.003)。结论应密切观察低龄儿童的病情变化,及时控制低龄患儿并发症的发生和进展。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of hospitalized children with hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The data of 239 hospitalized children admitted to our hospital from May to August in 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Children hospitalized for> 5 days were younger (P = 0.025), children under 3 years old were higher (P = 0.012), and had higher body temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate on admission (P = 0.015; P = 0.031 or P = 0.013), the highest temperature ≥ 38 ℃ in children with relatively high (P = 0.023). Compared with children> 3 years of age, the incidence of acute bronchitis and bronchopneumonia was higher in children younger than 3 years old (P = 0.011 or P = 0.008), and the incidence of myocardial damage and neurological damage were also higher (P = 0.036 or P = 0.017), and the proportion of two or more concurrent symptoms was higher (P = 0.003). Conclusions The changes of illness in young children should be observed closely and the occurrence and progress of complications in younger children should be controlled in time.