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对来自以色列不同地区16个生态型野生二棱大麦种子的休眠型态与其农艺性状及起源地生态地里因素的相关性进行了研究。结果表明:高温(40℃)储藏可以打破种子的休眠;16个生态型种子在高温处理下的萌发率表现出显著差异,其休眠打破过程显示出不同型态的对数生长曲线:8个旱生生态型为S型,而8个湿生生态型为倒L型。休眠深度用实际达到最大萌发率的时间度量,最低休眠深度(15·6d)是来自湿润地区“进化峡谷”的生态型37-N,而最深休眠深度(103·1d)是来自干旱地区Ein-Zukim(死海附近)的生态型32-6。此外,对11个物候及农艺性状指标与休眠深度做斯皮尔曼秩相关分析,结果有9个显示出显著相关,尤其是粒重与休眠深度有极显著相关性。同时,休眠深度与起源地15个生态地理因素中的9个有显著相关,种子休眠主要受其起源地的地理位置、温度和水分条件等影响。可见,野生二棱大麦自然选择进化了休眠特性去应对干热环境而繁衍生息。本研究结果可用于进一步遗传研究和现代栽培大麦品种的改良。
The correlations between the dormancy patterns and the agronomic traits and ecological factors in the origins of 16 wild type wild barley cultivars from different regions of Israel were studied. The results showed that high temperature (40 ℃) storage could break the dormancy of seeds. The germination rate of 16 ecological seedlings under high temperature showed significant difference. The dormancy breaking process showed different types of logarithmic growth curve: 8 drought The ecotype is S, while the eight ecotypes are inverted L. The depth of dormancy was measured in terms of time actually reaching the maximum germination rate. The minimum dormancy depth (15.6d) was ecotype 37-N from the humid “evolutionary gorge” and the deepest dormancy depth (103.1d) was from arid areas Ein-Zukim (Near the Dead Sea) Ecotype 32-6. In addition, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis of eleven phenological and agronomic traits and dormancy depth showed that nine of them showed significant correlation, especially the correlation between grain weight and dormancy depth. At the same time, the dormancy depth was significantly related to 9 of the 15 ecologic and geographical factors of origin. The dormancy of seed was mainly affected by its geographical location, temperature and water conditions. It can be seen that wild dichotoma of barley naturally evolves dormancy characteristics to cope with dry and hot environments and multiply. The results of this study can be used for further genetic research and improvement of modern cultivated barley varieties.