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应用田间微区试验,研究接触施肥模式下自制的包膜控释肥料(对普通复合肥进行包衣而成,N:P_2O_5:K_2O=28:9:10;25℃水中总氮初级溶出率为0.27%,80 d释放80%,编号YZS80)氮素在土壤中的迁移与转化。测定项目与方法:10.00g鲜土经过50 ml 1 mol/L NaCl浸提过滤后,紫外分光光度计法比色测定硝态氮,靛酚蓝比色法测定铵态氮:10.00 g鲜土经过50 ml蒸馏水浸提过滤后,对二甲氨基苯甲醛-紫外分光光度计法比色测定土壤尿素态氮;对二甲氨基苯甲醛-紫外分光光度计法测定肥料总氮。试验表明:与普通复合肥相比,YZS80全氮平均约以每天0.4%的速度逐步释放,80 d内全氮释放了约32%;在施肥点垂直向下方向,YZS80处理土壤中尿素态氮含量在45～80 d内30～60 cm土层显著(P<0.05)增高;硝态氮含量在0～80 d内10～60 cm土层变化幅度小,含量适中(10～100 mg/kg),但45～80 d与0～45d相比显著(P<0.05)增高;铵态氮含量在45 d之前10～30 cm土层显著偏低(P<0.05),但45 d之后10～60 cm土层显著(P<0.05)增高,随时间的延续,硝/铵值逐渐符合作物需求范围;在接触施肥模式下,YZS80处理产生烧根与盐害的可能性以及硝态氮的淋溶流失风险都显著降低。
Field micro-area experiments were carried out to study the self-made coated controlled release fertilizers (coated with common compound fertilizer, N: P_2O_5: K_2O = 28: 9: 10) 0.27%, 80% 80d, No. YZS80) Nitrogen transport and transformation in soil. Determination of the project and methods: 10.00g of fresh soil after 50 ml of 1 mol / L NaCl extraction filtered, UV spectrophotometer colorimetric determination of nitrate nitrogen, indophenol blue colorimetric determination of ammonium nitrogen: 10.00 g of fresh soil after After 50 ml distilled water was extracted by filtration, the urea nitrogen of soil was determined by colorimetric method of dimethylaminobenzaldehyde - ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The total nitrogen of fertilizer was determined by p - dimethylaminobenzaldehyde - ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The results showed that the total nitrogen of YZS80 was gradually released at a rate of about 0.4% per day and about 32% of total nitrogen was released in 80 days compared with that of conventional compound fertilizers. In the vertical downward direction of YZS80, the contents of urea nitrogen The content of nitrate nitrogen in 30-60 cm soil layer was significantly increased (P <0.05) within 45-80 days. The content of nitrate nitrogen in 10-60 cm soil layer was small and moderate in the range of 0-80 d (10-100 mg / kg (P <0.05). However, the contents of ammonium nitrogen in 10 ~ 30 cm soil layer before 45 d were significantly lower (P <0.05), but after 45 d, 60 cm soil layer increased significantly (P <0.05), with the time continuing, the value of nitrate / ammonium gradually met the requirements of the crop; in the contact fertilization mode, YZS80 treatment of the possibility of burning roots and salt damage and nitrate The risk of dissolution loss is significantly reduced.