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及时检测和跟踪热力设备和系统的热经济性能劣化趋势,准确开展设备健康与能效状态预警对火电机组节能诊断和运行优化具有重要意义.本文基于(火用)分析方法研究了热力设备性能劣化产生机理和影响因素,建立了热力设备和系统的热经济性劣化模型;分析了不同工况和边界条件下,设备固有(火用)损失和附加(火用)损失的影响因素和相互作用机制;以某660MW超临界空冷机组为案例,开展了性能劣化模型验证和系统热经济性诊断.结果表明,根据固有(火用)损失、附加(火用)损失和内部(火用)参数的变化,可有效检测和诊断设备、过程和系统的热经济性能劣化状态,为热力系统运行优化、故障预警与状态维修提供理论依据.“,”It is significant to detect and track the performance degradation of thermal power equipment and system for the energy-saving diagnosis,status precaution and operation optimization.The exergy analysis was introduced to study the mechanism and factors contributing to the thermal performance degradation of power equipment;the performance degradation of thermal power process was built on Ebsilon platform.Such model was utilized to quantify the inherent and induced exergy destruction and interaction under different operation conditions and boundaries.The case study on a 660 MW supercritical air-cooled power units shows that the performance degradation of thermal power equipment,process and system can be detected according to the variation of exergy destruction and interior exergy parameters.This makes great reference for the operation optimization,fault precaution and predictive maintenance of thermal power system.