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目的探讨彩色多普勒超声评价糖尿病与非糖尿病患者下肢动脉粥样硬化病变的差异。方法回顾性选取2015年7月至2016年7月沈阳红十字会医院收治的2型糖尿病患者资料70例作为观察组,选取同期体检的健康人员70例作为对照组。两组均采用彩色多普勒超声检查下肢动脉,分析彩色多普勒超声评价下肢动脉粥样硬化病变的效果。结果观察组及对照组管腔内膜光滑率分别为11.4%(8/70)、80.0%(56/70),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组及对照组管腔内膜不光滑有斑块的比例分别为74.3%(52/70)、4.3%(3/70),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不同血管内膜-中层厚度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉粥样硬化病变发生部位主要包括足背动脉、胫后动脉、胫前动脉、腘动脉。结论在糖尿病与非糖尿病患者下肢动脉粥样硬化病变的诊断中,彩色多普勒超声的应用效果较为显著,具有操作简单、无创伤性、效果确切、价格低廉等特点,在疾病早期诊断和治疗中具有重要作用。
Objective To evaluate the difference of atherosclerotic lesions in lower extremities between diabetic and non-diabetic patients by color Doppler sonography. Methods Seventy patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted from July 2015 to July 2016 in Shenyang Red Cross Hospital were retrospectively selected as the observation group. 70 healthy subjects were selected as the control group during the same period. Both groups were examined by color Doppler ultrasonography of lower extremity arteries, color Doppler ultrasound assessment of lower extremity atherosclerosis lesions. Results The luminal smoothness of the observation group and the control group were 11.4% (8/70) and 80.0% (56/70), respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05) The proportions of non-smooth plaque were 74.3% (52/70) and 4.3% (3/70), respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). The differences of intima-media thickness between two groups were statistically significant (All P <0.05). The location of lower extremity atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients included dorsalis pedis artery, posterior tibial artery, anterior tibial artery and popliteal artery. Conclusion The diagnosis of lower extremity atherosclerosis in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, the application of color Doppler ultrasound is more obvious, with simple, non-invasive, accurate, inexpensive and other characteristics in the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases In the important role.